From what I've read the Canon Hv10's sensor is 1920 by 1080 but records to tape as 1440 by 1080 at best. I saw a wired hard drive accessory on the Canon site but not much info about it. Is it possible to get 1920 by 1080 content from this camcorder?

No. It will only output 1400x1080i. It basically tricks the user by recording in 1920 then down grading to 1400. It is a great way to look great but won't break the HDV specification.
The HV-10 is still the best looking picture I have ever seen from a prosumer compact camcorder! It simply amazes!