Finally did some digging concerning my power conditioner, the Belkin PF60. It seems to use capacitors for the hi-current outlets, and inductors for the rest, sans digital banks.

From what I understand, capacitors will not limit amp dynamics like inductors, since the latter directly affects current. However, I've read a couple of reports claiming that capacitors ultimately have some effect on the sound.

Has this been proven? And if this is true, doesn't it mean that plugging amps, receivers, or any kind of audio equipment into a surge protector, have some ill effect on the sound?

There has been some research and actual studies which indicate that 'cheap' electrolytic' capacitors, which can be leaky, cause some degradation of audio signals...when in the audio/video path after the power supply.

Some surge suppression units use capacitors and inductors in the circuitry. Since these components are only in the path of of the power supply (and probably only in parallel) for the AV equipment, they should have no effect on the AV quality of the components downstream.

However, I've read a couple of reports claiming that capacitors ultimately have some effect on the sound.

Has this been proven? And if this is true, doesn't it mean that plugging amps, receivers, or any kind of audio equipment into a surge protector, have some ill effect on the sound?
True, caps can and do effect sound. That is why JBL's Greg Timber, chief systems engineer, developed the Charged-Coupled crossover networks for the high end JBLs; The Everest DD66000 and the K2 9800s.
In those crossovers, which is a different application to your original concern, use twice as many caps as normal. Solen polypropylene caps are used in series pairs, that are twice the size of the single cap that would have been used.
A wire is connected to the common point of the cap pairs and run thru high resistance, say 3 meg ohms, to the positive side of a 9v battery, with the negitive side connected to ground.
The purpose of the battery is to keep a small positive charge on the caps to keep them tight, thus eliminating any distortion that would be created by the caps.
I use such a crossover system in my 30 year old L212s and the result is very impressive.
As far as surge protectors, its better to have one in circuit than taking a chance on blowing a piece of gear.

If we're talking about the high-voltage, power supply side, then additional capacitors shouldn't affect the sound, assuming your gear has a competent power supply. Capacitors plus inductors (plus resistors) are often used to make filters (low-pass or notch) for power conditioning that will filter out high-frequency EFI from the power input, and thus may improve the audio -- although a well-designed power supply shoudl already filter such interference.

You'd have to be more specific Megaltith. Certainly, one can't necessarily interchange one type of capacitor with another as there are other electrical aspects of capacitors other than just capacitance. However, in a study done a number of years ago with hundreds of listeners, it was found they were statistically unable to differentiate between electrolytics and films. IMO, your concerns about limiting the dynamic capabilities of your amp or receiver are very much overblown. When those need current during demanding passages, they receive that current from the capacitors that are in those devices which is subsequently replenished later and very quickly. Now, if you've bought an undersized amp for your given setup, then no amount of current 'un-limiting' is going to help you as what you need is an amp with some balls. Further, consider that if you've got other things on the same circuit like a plasma or projection TV or even a tube based system, that in itself will 'rob' more current from the wall than your Belkin unit could ever hope to. It is of particular note, that companies which market products that are supposedly non current limiting have never provided evidence for their claims vis a vis products that supposedly limit current.