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Google™ Search AVS: |
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01-31-04, 12:02 AM
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#1 | Link |
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Member
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what's the big deal about crossovers?
I have bought and read Vance's loudspeaker cookbook, and read tons of things on the web about speaker design and I think I am missing something. Everyone seems to say that the crossover can make or break a system. My question is why, or how? I am about to start work on my fianl design for my home speakers and have chosen to go with GR-research drivers all around. For the price I haven't seen anything flatter, and I haven't read anything bad about them either. They seem flat all the way out to tweeter territory, so I figured if I got a crossover and had it at 3K I would be fine. But with a lesser speaker I may have to go at 2K. Is this ok, or am I missing something that makes this decicion so hard? I am getting the feeling that the decision to make it 3K was too easy and there is something else I am not thinking of. What do you think?
You can look at the response graphs at Gr-research's website, they are the M-130, with the T1 tweeter matched pairs. Please let me know before I go screw it up. Thanks |
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01-31-04, 12:06 AM
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#2 | Link |
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Member
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oh by the way, the crossovers would probably be from Parts Express, the 2 way Dayton 12db Linkwitz 3K crossover. I have thought of using the M-130 speaker that is 16ohm and doing them in parallel, so there is 1 tweeter and 2 mids on each front/center. If any of this matters, I don't know.
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01-31-04, 12:48 AM
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#3 | Link |
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Professional amateur
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>>Everyone seems to say that the crossover can make or break a system. My question is why, or how?<<
A passive x-over serves many puposes. It can compensate for impedance, phase, and even coloration. Choosing different types or slopes depends on driver interaction and can affect comb filtering and phase. You don't just pick a crossover point, you have to determine where the speakers will roll off naturally, and where the crossover will be most transparent and affect phase the least. The slope of the roll off will also affect these things, and different x-overs types with different slopes will give different results. Before you build your speakers I would highly recommend reading as much about crossovers as you possibly can. Better yet would be a kit that has been researched and tested so the x-over and drivers would already be a given. Building a speaker from scratch is not an easy thing to get right without a lot of knowledge and/or testing.
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Az |
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02-02-04, 12:07 AM
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#4 | Link |
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AVS Special Member
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Yup, take AZ Barber's advice.
 IMO, after months of research - for my preferences I'm leaning towards all 1st order xovers & Accuton drivers in separate sealed enclosures. Unless I go with horns & expensive AER drivers (now from BD-Design). Vance has a good book, but there's tons of valuable info on the web. Besides crossovers, there's baffle diffraction & many different types of speakers (dipolar, sealed/acoustic suspension...), room acoustics, materials etc...This calculator - two-way first-order Butterworth crossover network http://www.carstereo.com/help/Articles.cfm?id=8 Loud Speakers 101 http://www.carstereo.com/help/Articles.cfm Two-Way Crossover Network Design http://www.carstereo.com/help/Articles.cfm?id=3 Multi-Way Crossover Design http://www.trueaudio.com/st_xov_1.htm Two-way cross-over basics. What IS a crossover? http://www.mmxpress.com/technical/twoway.htm Balanced vs Unbalanced, Passive vs Active http://www.bssound.com.au/advice/bsadvice.htm Building your own 2nd order passive Crossover network http://www.colomar.com/Shavano/crossover12db.html The Subwoofer DIY Page v1.1 Subwoofer Integration http://www.diysubwoofers.org/misc/sub_integration.htm RME level adjustment +4/-10 dBu and servo balanced inputs and outputs http://www.rme-audio.com/english/aeb/index.htm Matt's DIY audio page http://kahuna.sdsu.edu/~tucker/diyaudio/diyaudio.html X-overs and Bi-amping http://kahuna.sdsu.edu/%7Etucker...ramblings.html 24db/octave Linkwitz-Riley http://kahuna.sdsu.edu/%7Etucker/diyaudio/xover.html Active Crossovers for DIY Speaker Builders http://www.snippets.org/filters/crossover.htm THIEL SmartSub Controller - "Do I need a crossover?" http://www.thielaudio.com/THIEL_Web/...needxover.html The HS500. The most powerful plate subwoofer amp available to the DIYer today http://www.adireaudio.com/diy_audio/...iers/hs500.htm Integrating A Subwoofer With Your HiFi http://www.audioetc.tv/articles/inte...erwithhifi.htm Subwoofers for Music - EXCELLENT http://www.soundstage.com/maxdb/maxdb200101.htm Google search - subwoofer low frequency cut-off filters (e.g. 16Hz...) http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&i...ut-off+filters Why is it so difficult for subwoofers to blend into a system? http://www.vandersteen.com/pages/Answr9.htm The Marriage Between the Subwoofer and Tower Speakers http://www.audioholics.com/techtips/...fer_towers.php ACI Subwoofer Primer http://www.audioc.com/information/subwoo.htm It is common knowledge that crossovers contribute to coloration http://www.merlinmusic.com/reviews/hfr_495.htm SPEAKER PASSIVE CROSSOVER ASCENSION http://www.jensencapacitors.com/audi...s/artikel.html "crossoverless" speakers http://www.onhifi.com/askwes/ask0014.htm Removal of the crossover eliminates phase & group delay distortion http://www.brentworth.com/ and delivers a musical performance that has every nuance preserved Why horns http://www.hornspeakers.info/ Adire Audio - Maelstrom http://www.adireaudio.com/diy_audio/.../maelstrom.htm Neutralizing L(e) with a Zobel Network http://www.trueaudio.com/st_zobel.htm Subsonic Filters are high-pass crossovers centered around 25-30Hz http://www.rockfordfosgate.com/scrip...php?p_faqid=68 subwoofer subsonic filters - Google search http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&i...bsonic+filters SVS Amp Interface by Marchand Electronics http://www.svsubwoofers.com/marchandsubsonic.htm No need for subsonic filtering - sealed design http://www.danmarx.org/audioinnovation/theories.html Sealed Subwoofers http://www.acc.umu.se/~sagge/audio/1259/ Sealed Speaker Enclosure Design Calculator http://www.loudspeakers101.com/SealQtc.htm How The Linkwitz Transform Circuit Works - and qtc .707 sealed subwoofer http://sound.westhost.com/linkwitz-transform.htm Therefore a hipass or "subsonic" filter, even for sealed boxes, could help reduce distortion http://www.diysubwoofers.org/projects/cartf/ Sealed Box Subwoofer http://home.insightbb.com/~stephenwm..._Subwoofer.htm Marchand WM8 "BASSIS" Bass Correction Equalizer http://www.marchandelec.com/wm8.htm The sealed system provides the best group delay numbers http://www.adireaudio.com/tech_papers/sub_gd.htm Phase, Time and Distortion in Loudspeakers http://sound.westhost.com/ptd.htm speaker sub enclosures http://www.madisound.com/ REL Strata III Subwoofer review - let mains run full! http://www.21stcenturyservices.com/audio/REL_Strat3.htm The Perfect Subwoofer http://www.21stcenturyservices.com/audio/perf_sub.htm Extended Low Frequency or ELF - mains run full... (active sub) http://sound.westhost.com/project48.htm Thiele - Small Analysis of Loudspeaker Enclosures http://www.silcom.com/~aludwig/Sysde...l_analysis.htm 250W SUBWOOFER AMPLIFIER w/REMOTE CONTROL http://www.partsexpress.com/pe/pshow...=300-793&DID=7 subwoofer Class D - Class AB amplifier http://www.xcs.no/index.php?artikkelid=67&back=1 KGND-52100 Powered Subwoofer Amplifier Class D 1000 Watts @ 4 Ohms http://www.madisound.com/kgnd.html Velodyne SPL-800 Class D subwoofer amp review http://www.audioholics.com/productre...SPL800-p3.html subwoofer in and out of phase, phase reversing - Google search http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&i...=Google+Search Audioreview - subwoofers http://www.audioreview.com/Subwoofers/PLS_2741crx.aspx Welcome to Madisound Speaker Components! http://www.madisound.com/ The Subwoofer DIY Page v1.1 Definitions http://www.diysubwoofers.org/misc/dumax/dumax.htm Updated NOUSAINE subwoofer data list http://www.avsforum.com/avs-vb/showt...light=nousaine Updated NOUSAINE subwoofer data list http://members.cox.net/frankcarter/T...Sub%20Data.htm True Balanced outputs http://www.avsforum.com/avs-vb/showt...hreadid=301971 subwoofer calibration system - software http://www.etfacoustic.com/ Adire Maelstrom Speakers Review by Pland http://www.audioasylum.com/audio/spe...ges/97841.html THE ANCIENT AUDIOPHILE'S QUEST FOR THE ULTIMATE HOME SYSTEM http://invalid.ed.unit.no/~dunker/ultimate.html ð Speakers Frequency Response http://www.pispeakers.com/PiGraph.htm Multiple Subs http://www.avsforum.com/avs-vb/showt...hreadid=298137 Biamplification basics - an article http://www.audioasylum.com/audio/gen...ges/57210.html DIY speaker building information http://home.earthlink.net/~etunstal/diy.htm DIY Loudspeaker Designer's Selection Guide (the LDSG) http://ldsg.snippets.org/index.php3 Section 7 - Recommended drivers http://ldsg.snippets.org/sect-7.php3 Recommended drivers technical specifications http://ldsg.snippets.org/sect-12.php3 Appendix A - Loudspeaker Design http://ldsg.snippets.org/appdx-a.php3 LDSG Appendix A - Enclosure designs http://ldsg.snippets.org/boxes.php3#SEALED Section 17 - Suppliers of prefabricated enclosures http://ldsg.snippets.org/sect-17.php3 Section 16 - Recommended louspeaker kits and plans http://ldsg.snippets.org/sect-16.php3 Speakerbuilding.com http://www.speakerbuilding.com/content/1014/page_5.php Home Audio DIY Speaker FAQ http://www.lalena.com/audio/faq/speaker/ Details of the VR-6 and VR-8 Technology http://www.vonschweikert.com/vrline/VR-6W.HTM JPO Speakerbuilding Linklist http://members.chello.se/jpo/ Try downloading a program like WinISD Pro alpha http://www.linearteam.dk/ Welcome To DIYSPEAKERS.NET http://www.diyspeakers.net/ spherical cermaic speakers - least distortion http://www.zako.com/techrev.htm How to Design a Sealed Loudspeaker? - Qts, Fs sealed speaker enclosure... http://gecko.gc.maricopa.edu/~jmurba...dio/sealed.htm Thiele-Small Terms and Definitions or just "T/S Parameters" http://www.mmxpress.com/technical/terms.htm Zobel Networks, speaker design http://www.adireaudio.com/tech_papers/tech_central.htm Speaker design calculator http://www.mhsoft.nl/spk_calc.asp Neutralizing L(e) with a Zobel http://www.trueaudio.com/st_zobel.htm Initial Enclosure and Crossover Designs - Zobel network http://www.angelfire.com/electronic/...modelling.html Passive Crossover Basics - Zobel Networks http://www.eatel.net/~amptech/elecdisc/xoorder.htm Crossover Design http://www.silcom.com/~aludwig/Sysde...ove_Design.htm Sample 3 Way Crossover http://www.lalena.com/audio/faq/xover/ DIY audio homepage http://www.lalena.com/audio/ The Loudspeaker Design Cookbook - $39.95 http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg...91827?v=glance Part II: Digital Filters* http://www.silcom.com/~aludwig/Signa...al_filters.htm Design of the Sound System http://www.silcom.com/~aludwig/Sysde...und_system.htm Crossover Design http://www.silcom.com/~aludwig/Sysde...ove_Design.htm Construction of the Loudspeakers http://www.silcom.com/~aludwig/Louds...Time_alignment DIY'ers perspective on the top-selling Bose system http://www.intellexual.net/bose.html Design of Loudspeakers http://www.linkwitzlab.com/design_of_loudspeakers.htm Crossovers - 1st order http://www.linkwitzlab.com/crossovers.htm F - Group delay and transient response http://www.linkwitzlab.com/frontiers.htm#H JBL horns, speakers http://www.usspeaker.com/ Impedance Equalization Designer Help - Zobel Networks http://www.lalena.com/audio/calculat...ual/help.shtml 3-way 1st order crossover is used in a 3-way vented enclosure system http://www.kbapps.com/audio/speakerd...xover3way.html Slop Of The Crossover - tweeter/1st order @ 2kHz NO GOOD... http://www.caraudiogalaxy.com/caraud...pcrossover.htm ScanSpeak tweeters - Google search http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&i...Speak+tweeters tweeter 1st order crossover - Google search http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&i...rder+crossover Time aligned, Phase coherent, Phase aligned, http://www.geocities.com/kreskovs/TimeAligned2.html Transient accurate, What's up with that. Appendix E - Passive Crossover Components http://ldsg.snippets.org/appdx-e.php3 Crossover Demos http://www.silcom.com/~aludwig/Crossover_demos.html Topic: 3 way 1st order crossover http://www.electrical-contractor.net...ML/000006.html Transient Perfect 2nd Order Crossover http://www.geocities.com/kreskovs/CrossoverdocN.html 3-Way Series Cross-Over http://users.tpg.com.au/users/gradds...oss-overs8.htm 3-way 1st order crossover - Google search http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&l...rder+crossover cascading 1st order slopes http://www.mindspring.com/~chucksaudio/eqptrept.htm Linkwitz-Riley Active Crossovers up to 8th-Order: An Overview http://www.rane.com/note119.html Very High Quality DIY speakers anywhere? http://www.avsforum.com/avs-vb/showt...hreadid=170942 A full 300W into 4 Ohms, this CLASS D unit runs very cool http://www.adireaudio.com/diy_audio/...iers/dt300.htm DIY parts, tech site http://www.partsexpress.com/ Understanding and Designing Passive and Active Crossovers http://www.termpro.com/articles/xover.html Designing Passive Crossovers http://www.termpro.com/articles/xover2.html Crossover Component Selection Guide http://www.partsexpress.com/resources/xover.html A Different Approach to Series Networks http://www.geocities.com/jonrisch/LBIseries.htm L-Pad Designer Help http://www.lalena.com/audio/calculator/lpad/help.shtml Impedance Equalization Designer Help http://www.lalena.com/audio/calculat...ual/help.shtml Inductors, Capacitors, & Resistors http://www.lalena.com/audio/electronics/rcl/ chart of the frequency range of various instruments http://www.silcom.com/~aludwig/Sysdes/Musicsp.gif Music and The Human Ear http://www.silcom.com/~aludwig/EARS....e_vs_objective Fostex Speaker Components - mid-hi drivers http://www.fostex.com/index2.asp?fil...nge/full_range Fostex Speaker Components - mid-hi drivers http://www.madisound.com/fostex.html Thiel CS7.2 Specifications 4-way system http://www.thielaudio.com/THIEL_Web/Pages/cs7_2.html Sealed box - resonance hump (Zobel Networks) http://www.speakerworkshop.com/SW/Pr...losure%20A.htm Filters, Zobel Network calculator........... http://users.telenet.be/educypedia/e...torsfilter.htm The Naked Truth about Speaker-Cables http://www.tnt-audio.com/clinica/spkcbl_e.html The Naked Truth about Interconnect Cables http://www.tnt-audio.com/clinica/intere.html Series Notch Filter Designer Help http://www.lalena.com/audio/calculat...tch/help.shtml Passive Radiator Enclosures: In Theory and In Practice http://momentum.soundillusions.net/august02/tech2.html RLC circuits match transmission lines to loads http://www.e-insite.net/ednmag/archi...97/08di_05.htm How well do Zobel circuits stabilize the impedence of a driver? http://www.geocities.com/vyque/Caraudio/passives3 Driver Attenuation Circuit - L-Pad http://www.loudspeakers101.com/Lpad.htm Loudspeakers 101 main page http://www.loudspeakers101.com/Sound.htm Maximum Power (Resonance) in Series RLC Circuits http://www3.ltu.edu/~s_schneider/phy...esonance.shtml Solen printed circuit boards - Lpad http://www.solen.ca/pcb2way.htm "predicted" impedance http://www.lonesaguaro.com/speakers/...lImpedance.gif L-PADS - calculator!!!!!!!!!!! http://www.eatel.net/~amptech/elecdisc/lpad.htm Series crossovers, how do they work? And parallel circuits http://home.hetnet.nl/~geenius/Crossover.html Simplest is best! 1st order, 6dB/octave slope http://members.myactv.net/~je245/spktips.htm SoundEasy V8.00 has been released - $249.95 http://www.audioxpress.com/bksprods/sotware/sof-sou.htm First Order (6db/octave) Two-Way Crossover calculator http://ccs.exl.info/calc_cr.html Unibox software - Design Your Own Loudspeaker Cabinet http://www.danbbs.dk/~ko/ubtxt.htm Unibox software - Design Your Own Loudspeaker Cabinet http://www.danbbs.dk/~ko/ubdwnld.htm Series vs. Parallel Wiring http://www.termpro.com/articles/spkrz.html FRD Consortium is group of designers, experts, hobbyists and programmers http://www.pvconsultants.com/audio/frdgroup.htm FM (Filter Maker) is a utility for creating Digital Filter Transfer Functions http://www.pvconsultants.com/audio/dsp/dplay.htm Plotting a Speaker's Impedance: http://www.eatel.net/~amptech/elecdisc/resvsimp.htm LMS - Loudspeaker Measurement System - $1395 http://www.linearx.com/products/anal...LMS/LMS_01.htm Passive Crossover Basics http://www.eatel.net/~amptech/elecdisc/xoorder.htm speaker crossover design software - GOOGLE search http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&l...esign+software plotting speaker's impedance - GOOGLE search http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&i...%27s+Impedance loudspeaker simulation software - GOOGLE search http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&i...=Google+Search The gold standard in analog/digital simulation - Micro-Cap 7 http://www.spectrum-soft.com/demo.shtm True Audio - Welcome to the Loudspeaker Design Center! http://www.trueaudio.com/win_abt1.htm Loudspeaker Design Tutorial cont.: Page 3 http://www.trueaudio.com/about_3.htm...ce%20Response_ About WinSpeakerz http://www.trueaudio.com/win_abt1.htm Multi-Way Crossover Design http://www.trueaudio.com/st_xov_1.htm Tech topics http://www.trueaudio.com/st_index.htm True Audio's WinSpeakerz Design Software review +book review!!!!! http://www.hometheaterhifi.com/volum...ctober-99.html TrueRTA does not have gating (below 300-500Hz measurements) http://home.new.rr.com/zaph/audio/audio-speaker11.html Input and output sampling rates are adjustable up to 48kHz http://www.soniccontrol.com/news/feb...rueaudio.shtml Also, Oscilloscope for Windows http://polly.phys.msu.su/~zeld/oscill.html Techron TEF-20 analyzer - acoustic measurements http://www.speakerbuilding.com/content/1014/page_8.php A summary of recommended speaker design software packages http://ldsg.snippets.org/appdx-c.php3 SOUNDEASY v. 8.00 JUST RELEASED http://www.audioxpress.com/bksprods/sotware/sof-sou.htm Version 8.00 New Features and Improvements http://www.audioxpress.com/resource/...fsouimprov.htm SoundEasy V8.00 has been released http://www.e-speakers.com/ SoundEasy V8.00 has been released - about the programs http://www.interdomain.net.au/~bodzio/ SoundEasy V8.00 has been released - about the programs http://www.interdomain.net.au/%7ebodzio/ SoundEasy V8.00 - import from PC-based measurement systems http://www.interdomain.net.au/~bodzio/ SoundEasy (which I use to model things like non-linear distortion, etc.) http://www.speakerbuilder.net/web_fi...ts/DBP/dbp.htm SoundEasy - Yahoo users e-group http://groups.yahoo.com/group/SoundEasyuserslist/ EasyLab - Advanced is an expanded section of SoundEasy http://www.interdomain.net.au/~bodzio/ Small-signal parameter of the Dayton 295-300 woofer http://www.speakerbuilder.net/web_fi...ts/DBP/dbp.htm small signal and large signal analysis http://www.ht-audio.com/e-topic9.htm difference between small signal model and large signal model? http://www.elektroda.pl/eboard/topic56704.html LSP CAD - justMLS PC-based measurement system http://home.earthlink.net/~etunstal/diy.htm LspCAD is short for Loudspeaker Computer Aided Design http://www.ijdata.com/intro.html LspCAD official site http://www.ijdata.com/ using JustMLS and LSPCad http://www.lonesaguaro.com/speakers/Topaz/Topaz.htm using JustMLS and LSPCad - excellent measurements tutorial http://www.geocities.com/kreskovs/John1.html Girardin mic Liberty Instruments http://www.libinst.com/us_domestic_pricing.htm DIY Speaker Testing Microphone Preamp - Take 2 http://www.gti.net/wallin/audio/preamp2/preamp2.html True Audio TrueRTA - How might I use a Real Time Audio Analyzer? http://www.trueaudio.com/rta_faq1.htm Panasonic microphone caplets http://www.panasonic.com/industrial/...ts/rec_mic.htm A DIY Speaker Testing Microphone http://www.speakerbuilder.net/web_fi...diymicmain.htm MIC-01 and MIC-02 are low cost precision condenser electret microphones http://www.e-speakers.com/products/clio.html CLIO MIC-01 - $233.80 Lite - or our own Mitey Mike II http://www.audioxpress.com/bksprods/kits/kc-cliom.htm "all in one measurement jig" http://www.ijdata.com/justMLSjigCharlesRydel.pdf audio measurement supplies http://www.audioxpress.com/bksprods/kitsindex.htm OMP/MF Mono Power Amp Modules from BK Electronics http://www.audioxpress.com/bksprods/kits/km-14a.htm Power Amp Modules ILP Direct Ltd, UK http://www.audioxpress.com/bksprods/kits/ki-hy2000.htm Developing a DIY speaker inspired by the Wilson Audio X1 SLAMM http://www.cliowin.com/FOTO/gpphoto/Hancock/slamm.htm Linkwitz - Panasonic omni-directional back electret microphone cartridge http://www.linkwitzlab.com/sys_test.htm#Mic Loudspeaker Systems Using CALSOD 3.10 http://www.sonicdesign.se/calsinfo.html Comparison of calculated and measured SPL curve [in half-space] of a Vifa P17WJ-00-08 woofer http://www.geocities.com/f4ier/xoversimFAQ.htm "Calibrating" your Radio Shack SPL meter http://www.speakerworkshop.com/forum...opic.php?t=610 QuickMix - setting the audio mixer on your Windows computer http://www.msaxon.com/quickmix/index.htm Speaker Workshop Project Main http://www.speakerworkshop.com/SW/Project/Main.htm How to use Speaker Workshop from Audua http://www.gti.net/wallin/audio/audua/audua.html Speaker Workshop by Audua web site http://www.speakerworkshop.com/ JIG II and Speaker Workshop http://www.gti.net/wallin/audio/SW/SW.html DIY speaker building information http://home.earthlink.net/~etunstal/diy.htm CLIOwin home page http://www.cliowin.com/index.htm CLIOWin Lite Electroacoustic Measurement System http://www.audioxpress.com/bksprods/kits/kc-cliom.htm Acoustic links - MANY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! http://groups.yahoo.com/group/acoust..._001014290697/ Measurement Systems http://members.aol.com/nameaudio/links/measure.htm Liberty Audiosuite frequency response of the tweeter measured on a LAud setup http://www.io.com/~patman/s2.html North Creek Music Systems - DIY matched drivers http://www.northcreekmusic.com/LoudspeakerProjects.html SpectraPLUS 2.32 SpectraPRO 3.32 SpectraLAB 4.32 - home page http://www.cetaceanresearch.com/analysis.html HobbyBox German home page http://www.audio-software.de/hobbybox_v_5_mls.html LspLab home - English home http://hem1.passagen.se/johnygre/ENG/index.htm LspLab home - $400 with mic http://hem1.passagen.se/johnygre/ENG/index.htm Sample Champion is an accurate and easy to use audio measurement software http://www.purebits.com/scoverview.html Sample Champion Application notes - Impulse and Frequency Response http://www.purebits.com/appnotes.html Impedance measurement and Thiele-Small parameters computation http://www.purebits.com/appnote16.html Impedance measurement: pratical construction of the connector http://www.purebits.com/appnote17.html Speaker Measurement Jig - chose Sample Champion http://www.raymondaudio.nl/projects/.../project9.html PC Sound Card Page http://www.epanorama.net/links/pc/sound.html The Subwoofer DIY Page v1.1 Measurements http://www.diysubwoofers.org/measure.htm How do i measure the TS parameters of a misc driver? http://www.diysubwoofers.org/cgi-bin...&msg_num=34170 Acoustic Measurement Software http://www.me-au.com/measure.html ETF3.0 is a software application designed to aid in the tuning of sound systems http://www.me-au.com/etf.htm SPL calculations http://www.adireaudio.com/tech_papers/spl.htm How many components? Well, the crossover.... http://www.adireaudio.com/tech_paper...crossovers.htm Software for Speaker Design http://melhuish.org/audio/software.htm Driver manufacturers http://www.speakerbuilding.com/drivers/ "close tolerances with their actual/advertised Thiel/Small parameters" - NOT!!! http://www.ellisaudio.com/technology.htm DIY speaker building information http://home.earthlink.net/~etunstal/diy.htm FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions about Praxis http://www.libinst.com/praxfaq.htm So, what does the AudPod do? http://www.libinst.com/praxfaq.htm#t7 Liberty Instruments home page - Praxis, AudPod system http://www.libinst.com/ Re: T/S parameters - Praxis http://www.libinst.com/_disc2/00000033.htm Praxis forum http://groups.yahoo.com/group/laudus...1?viscount=100 DIY Speaker Testing Microphone Preamp - Take 2 http://www.gti.net/wallin/audio/preamp2/preamp2.html Golden Ratio speaker design http://www.cs.northwestern.edu/~pdin...s/designs.html Irrational numbers and cabinet design http://www.soton.ac.uk/~apm3/diyaudio/Irrational.html Spherical Speakers http://www.oddnoise.com/spheres.html Cabasse iO spherical satellite system http://www.cabasse.com/english/io/ Gallo spherical speakers http://www.anthonygallo.co.uk/productindex.html Spherical speaker design http://www.zako.com/techrev.htm Zako ZM99 bowling ball ceramic spherical speakers review - 3 stars http://www.hifichoice.co.uk/review_print.asp?ID=1652 TRIO Classic perfectly reflects the dynamics of the spherical horns http://www.gtaudio.com/speakers.html Avantgarde Acoustic Uno Series Two loudspeaker: Robert Deutsch review http://www.stereophile.com/showarchives.cgi?287:11 stuffing/damping material lowers Q, Fs - same as increasing enclosure volume http://www.wmeckle.com/1259/1259.htm stuffing/damping material lowers Q, Fs - same as increasing enclosure volume http://www.danmarx.org/audioinnovation/theories.html A Hell of a Show - spherical speakers "with balls" http://www.soundstage.com/audiohell/audiohell200302.htm Spherical piezoelectric ceramic speaker http://www.murata.com/news/1996/0423e.html Artistic Audio Möbius - ball perched atop a shiny, fork-shaped tuning stand http://www.smr-home-theatre.org/ces2...mage_008.shtml Artistic Audio Möbius - ball perched atop a shiny, fork-shaped tuning stand http://www.artisticaudio.com/mobius.asp Odyssey Setup & Tweak Tips http://odysseyaudio.com/setup_tweak.html Audio links page, DIY... http://joemacjr.home.att.net/diyproject/links.html speaker drivers - Seas, Vifa... http://www.linkwitzlab.com/orion_challenge.htm VonSchweikert Audio VR 2 Speakers Review by ka7niq http://www.audioasylum.com/audio/spe...es/132286.html Modifying the Vifa tweeter - resonance chamber stuffing, resonance Fs drops http://www.io.com/~dylan/speakers/vifas.html Robin Marshall: A Modicum of Genius - tweeters, resonance, low Q... http://www.stereophile.com/showarchives.cgi?567:3 2.1 Driver Evaluation in Closed Boxes http://www.trueaudio.com/about_2.htm Tempest application notes - Bessel .577, Butterworth .707 Qtc http://www.adireaudio.com/Files/Seal...plications.PDF FRD Consortium - frequency response data & tools http://www.pvconsultants.com/audio/frdgroup.htm Section 1 - Driver guidelines http://ldsg.snippets.org/sect-1.php3 Linear Team - WinIsd 4.x Beta & Alpha Pro - driver database http://www.linearteam.dk/default.aspx?pageid=winisdpro WAV-Normalizer - not that good - Maximizes volume level in multible wav-files http://www.linearteam.dk/default.asp...=wavnormalizer Drivers are listed in alphabetical order http://melhuish.org/audio/drivers.htm UNDERSTANDING LOUDSPEAKER DATA http://www.eminence.com/eminence/pag...s02/params.htm Klipsch RF-7 specifications http://www.reliableaudiovideo.com/kliprf7newmo1.html Klipsch RF-7 specifications http://www.klipsch.com/product/product.aspx?cid=362 Klipsch RF-7 reviews http://www.audioreview.com/PRD_129356_1594crx.aspx Recommended horn tweeters summary: http://ldsg.snippets.org/sect-10.php3 "How to eliminate low frequency noise cancellation with proper woofer placement." http://www.audiovisualdevices.com.au...ey/woofer.html How crucial is the localization near the floor? http://www.speakerbuilding.com/content/1039/page_2.php The Oris Horn Page http://www.welbornelabs.com/oris.htm The horn speaker home page http://invalid.ed.unit.no/~dunker/horns.html Specs for JBL drivers http://invalid.ed.unit.no/~dunker/jblspecs.html The Ambiophonic method is applicable to two-channel sources http://www.ambiophonics.org/ Capacitors in Crossover Network http://www.audioasylum.com/forums/hu...ges/57036.html The Maya Horn System, Oris horns... http://www.moondogaudio.com/products.htm Modification of a Klipsch horn (bass) http://www.speakerbuilding.com/content/1032/ Meridian DSP6000 digital amp built in! http://www.avguide.com/product/Main_...SP6000/220.jsp Tetra Realism™ loudspeaker - Acoustic Reality http://www.acoustic-reality.com/Tetra/text3.htm The Whomp - it achieves a -3db point of 27hz (-10db @ 20hz) http://www.selahaudio.com/whomp.html Rear-Loaded (Bass) Horns http://melhuish.org/audio/enclosurehornrear.htm Basic Horn Theory http://melhuish.org/audio/horn.htm Avantgarde USA home page http://www.avantgardeusa.com/ Avantgarde's bass systems - Subwoofer SUB225 CTRL PRO http://www.avantgardeusa.com/bass.html Avantgarde DUO Description http://www.avantgardeusa.com/duo.html ORIS systems around the world http://www.bd-design.com/en-gb/pg_12.html BD-Design driver manual for Oris horns http://www.bd-design.com/ Horn foldings (many many designs for BASS HORNS) http://www-user.uni-bremen.de/~carni...hornfolds.html Accuton C² 44/8 midrange driver http://www.speakercity.com/accuton/C2%2044.shtml German supermen shatter the laws of physics... again! (bass horns) http://db.audioasylum.com/cgi/m.pl?f...rn&r=&session= Madisound discussion forum http://www.madisound.com/cgi-bin/discuss.cgi Ultimate tweeters http://ldsg.snippets.org/vendors/scan-spk.php3 Horns (or why I use horns) http://ldsg.snippets.org/HORNS/horns.html Solid state amps and horns DON'T MIX! http://www.aloha-audio.com/library/Tube_Fest_Talk2.html RE Designs LNPA-150 monoblock transistor amplifiers http://www.redesignsaudio.com/LNPA150.html RE Designs LNPA-150 monoblock transistor amplifiers http://www.aloha-audio.com/library/Tube_Fest_Talk2.html Monarchy SE-100 delux Mono Power Amplifiers $2,358/pr http://www.monarchyaudio.com/SE100-5.htm Compression driver and horn/lens assembly guidelines: http://ldsg.snippets.org/sect-6.php3#EMINENCE-C The Ariel - By Lynn Olson A Brief Note about Efficiency http://www.audiokit.it/ITAENG/KitDif...ArielEffic.htm The Ariel History By Lynn Olson http://www.audiokit.it/ITAENG/KitDif...ielHistory.htm Do it Yourself Tube Audio - A Glowing Hobby - subwoofer for Ariel http://www.teresaudio.com/haven/ Adire HE10.1 Kosala Speakers Review by Gene H http://www.audioasylum.com/audio/spe...es/109656.html Horns and High-Efficiency Systems, speaker types...!!! http://www.aloha-audio.com/library/speaker-design1.html Audio Asylum - search page http://db.audioasylum.com/ Symetrix SymNet™ Audio Matrix is a family of network linkable audio matrix DSP processors http://www.symetrixaudio.com/SymNet_Web/index.htm HOME THEATER has a new SUBWOOFER LEVIATHON!!!!! Must read! http://www.avsforum.com/avs-vb/showt...ighlight=Bdeap In Reply to: lab12 vs SHIVA on basshorn - Bdeap bass horns http://www.audioasylum.com/forums/HU...ges/55423.html Tumult driver, Bdeap sub..... http://www.avsforum.com/avs-vb/showt...ap#post2746806 Gallo Acoustics Due, MPS Speaker System http://www.audiorevolution.com/equip/gallo/ B&W subwoofer - shape http://www.bwspeakers.com/index.cfm/...7F00D0B7473B37 Loudspeaker driver database http://www.thielesmall.com/ Pjay's Speaker building page - driver database http://members.aol.com/_ht_a/pjay99s...eakerhome.html High sensitivity tweeters http://www.madisound.com/cgi-bin/dis...gi?read=272585 AKG Hearo 999 - headphone amp - center channel effects http://headphone.com/layout.php?topi...tID=0010120999 Headphone site http://www.head-fi.org/ Headphone site http://headphone.com/layout.php?topicID=1 Headphone software http://www.akg.com/products/powersla...nguage,EN.html Speakers - woofer facing up http://www.blackdahlia.com/samadhi/cbae.htm World's Most Expensive Hi-Fi System?!! http://www.avsforum.com/avs-vb/showt...hreadid=295441 Crown K2 class D digital amps - subwoofer Loudspeaker Technology - cubes, spheres, standing waves.................. http://www.norh.com/about/tech/ B-Deap, Servodrive subwoofer http://www.servodrive.com/SPL-bdeap32.html Balanced vs. Unbalanced Cables http://www.wpi.edu/Academics/Depts/H...bal-unbal.html Impedance, damping factor myth, balanced vs. unbalanced connections... http://sound.westhost.com/impedanc.htm DENOMINATIONS ABOVE ONE MILLION - American & British systems http://www.webster.com/mw/table/number.htm Series vs. Parallel Crossover Networks http://sound.westhost.com/parallel-series.htm#1.3 Audiophile Capacitors http://sound.westhost.com/cables-p5....e%20Capacitors Speaker design books and reviews http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/AS...699345-1453419 Class A amplifiers http://sound.westhost.com/class-a.htm B&W Nautilus 801 loudspeaker outdoor listening test http://www.tnt-audio.com/casse/bw801e.html Gershman Acoustics Avant Garde RX-20 reviews http://www.audioreview.com/PRD_119559_1594crx.aspx Mirage Loudspeakers http://www.miragespeakers.com/omnipolar_tech.shtml JBL Studio Monitors http://www.proaudiosystems.co.uk/aca...itors_162.html StealthBoxz - sub enclosure, standing waves... (car sub) http://www.auto-acoustics.co.uk/faq3.htm Google search - subwoofer internal standing waves http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&l...standing+waves axial, tangential and oblique standing waves http://www.coincidentspeaker.com/about.htm Rane PE-17 Five Band Parametric Equalizer - for subwoofer (balanced only) http://www.svsubwoofers.com/ampeq_rane_pe17.htm Center channel speaker(s) http://www.avsforum.com/avs-vb/showt...47#post1230047 Near field surround system http://www.mkprofessional.com/pdf/mps-422.pdf Comb filtering effect http://www.asc-hifi.com/acoustic_basics.htm#2 Speakers around TV set - uggghhh... http://www.mkprofessional.com/pdf/mps-422.pdf spherical and egg shaped loudspeaker enclosures http://www.usenclosure.com/cst-oem.htm Wiremold power strip http://www.naimusa.com/power.html Behringer (sp?) DSP 1124 is a great piece of equipment to eq a sub http://www.avsforum.com/avs-vb/showt...hreadid=312010 Tannoy - 3-way nearfield monitors with nearfield elliptical cabinet http://www.pro-music-news.com/html/10/e20401ta.htm JBL S36II - molded enclosure with Elliptical Oblate Spheroidal waveguide http://www.*******.com/PID_15014.htm JBL S312II - specifications... http://www.*******.com/PID_15090.htm Baffle diffraction http://www.t-linespeakers.org/tech/b...tep/index.html Loudspeaker Diffraction Loss and Compensation http://www.trueaudio.com/st_diff1.htm Diffraction from baffle edges http://www.linkwitzlab.com/diffraction.htm Diffraction is a difficult subject........... http://www.linkwitzlab.com/faq.htm#Q8 AudioPrism Noise Sniffer http://www.audioprism.com/noisesniffer.html Cabinet shape http://www.ellisaudio.com/CabinetShape.htm Behringer Feedback Destroyer - setup http://www.snapbug.ws/bfd.htm optimize low frequency acoustic response of rooms through trial and error measurements http://www.etfacoustic.com/demoroom.all.html Baffle Diffraction Simulator is a design program and education tool http://www.pvconsultants.com/audio/d...ownloadbds.htm Understanding Cabinet Edge Diffraction http://www.speakerdesign.net/understand.html an ideal baffle is very large http://audio.sdecnet.com/diy_reflector/ Magneplanar speakers http://www.magnepan.com/ Magnepan MG20.1 vs. B&W Nautilus 801 http://www.epinions.com/content_2418516100 baffle diffraction compensation http://www.ameritech.net/users/kagato/xover1.htm baffle diffraction compensation - Google http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&i...=Google+Search Baffle Diffraction Theories and Practice http://www.t-linespeakers.org/tech/b...stepcompo.html Spherical diffraction compensation http://yu-ra.tripod.com/baffle_diff.htm crossover - with baffle diffraction loss compensation (CALSOD) http://www.geocities.com/capecanaver.../flrspkrs.html Developing a DIY speaker inspired by the Wilson Audio X1 SLAMM http://www.cliowin.com/FOTO/gpphoto/Hancock/slamm.htm Baffle diffraction loss http://yu-ra.tripod.com/index_general.htm infinite baffle measurements, speakers... http://home.new.rr.com/zaph/audio/audio-speaker13.html Diffraction - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffraction The Thiele-Small Loudspeaker Database - works w/Unibox http://www.thielesmall.com/ The "6dB Response Step", and infinite baffle uniformity... http://www.northcreekmusic.com/NorthCreekKits.html baffle diffraction compensation - DIY contest http://www.kaiaudio.com/diy2001/kaiopen.html Baffle Step Equalisation http://sound.westhost.com/bafflestep.htm Speaker dust cap http://web.mit.edu/2.972/www/reports...r/speaker.html Speaker dust cap http://web.mit.edu/2.972/www/reports...r/speaker.html THIEL floor-standing speakers employ a rounded baffle http://www.thielaudio.com/THIEL_Web/...ffraction.html http://www.thielaudio.com/THIEL_Web/...phase.html</a> The Acoustic Benefits of Phase Alignment http://www.wescomponents.com/SSS/set...s_in_a_rec.htm The Acoustic Benefits of Phase Alignment http://www.wescomponents.com/sss/aco...hase_align.htm Time aligned, Phase coherent, Phase aligned, Transient accurate, What's up with that? http://www.geocities.com/kreskovs/TimeAligned1.html Time aligned, Phase coherent, Phase aligned, Transient accurate, What's up with that? http://www.geocities.com/kreskovs/TimeAligned2.html Time aligned, Phase coherent, Phase aligned.... GLOSSARY http://www.geocities.com/kreskovs/TimeAligned1.html Time-alignment measurements http://www.silcom.com/~aludwig/Time_alignment.html Veneering Recessed Driver Cutouts http://www.audiodiycentral.com/nt_drvrcutouts.shtml Time- and phase-correct performance - 1st order crossovers..... http://www.soundstage.com/video/reve...en_theater.htm Baffle spacing, phase angles and time alignment, revisited http://www.audioasylum.com/forums/pi...ges/11054.html spreadsheet for offet drivers/crossovers and phase correction... http://www.d-web.com/dbrown/db61ta/phase.xls For starters, scrambling the waveform is JUST PLAIN WRONG! http://www.meadowlarkaudio.com/TC4.htm Speakers with vertical baffles are NOT time coherent ! http://www.meadowlarkaudio.com/TC1.htm#1 Illustration: flat baffle, slanted baffle and point source phase responses http://www.meadowlarkaudio.com/TC1p.htm Subject: Baffle spacing, time alignment and driver offset http://www.diysubwoofers.org/talksho...ages/33527.htm Crossover transient response http://www.silcom.com/~aludwig/Sysde...sient_response ALIGNED DRIVERS? http://members.chello.se/jpo/papers/align/ALIGN.html drivers time align - GOOGLE SEARCH http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&l...ers+time+align Subwoofer damping material http://www.diysubwoofers.org/sld/sealed4.htm The Following is a Discussion on Stuffing a Sealed Enclosure http://www.wmeckle.com/1259/1259.htm Acousta-stuf @ Parts Express (& damping materials) http://www.partsexpress.com/webpage....ctGroup_ID=137 HyperSonic Sound - focused sound waves http://www.atcsd.com/tl_hss.html damping baffle panels - with 'Router Pad' http://www.snippets.org/alsr/const.html Making felt front baffle diffraction pads http://t-3.cc/users/audioworx/page90DIY-FeltPads.html Felt Rings verses Felt Blocks for Baffle Diffraction Reduction http://www.speakerdesign.net/felt/fe...vs_blocks.html Reduce front baffle loudspeaker diffraction losses - tweaks http://www.audiotweaks.com/tweaks/tweak_284.htm Measuring Loudspeakers, Part Three http://www.stereophile.com/showarchives.cgi?103:0 Give it a Tilt! (Tilt your speakers backwards for a new experience!) http://www.echoloft.com/articles/aug2000/tilt.htm Measuring driver volume - Vs, Vb... http://sound.westhost.com/tsp.htm driver displacement volume http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&l...acement+volume driver displacement volume http://www.trueaudio.com/win_abt1.htm The WinSpeakerz Box Calculators http://www.trueaudio.com/about_4.htm Avantgarde Trio installations http://www.avantgardeusa.com/installations.html Room Acoustics http://www.silcom.com/~aludwig/Room_...rrible_optimum Subwoofer room gain..... http://www.ellisaudio.com/subwoofers.htm Unibox - Design Your Own Loudspeaker Cabinet http://www.danbbs.dk/~ko/ubtxt.htm 1.0 Introducing The Speaker Design Toolbox http://www.trueaudio.com/about_1.htm...%20WinSpeakerz Correction Values for Radio Shack SPL Meter http://www.danmarx.org/audioinnovation/rsmeter.html Rane PE17 Five Band Parametric Equalizer http://www.svsubwoofers.com/ampeq_rane_pe17.htm parallel & series battery wiring schematics http://www.solarexpert.com/Batteries/batchart.html Series vs. Parallel Crossover Networks http://sound.westhost.com/parallel-series.htm SOS - Subwoofer Optimizer System $299.95 each http://www.speakercity.com/Sos/SubwooferOptimizer.shtml How do you eq your sub? http://www.avsforum.com/avs-vb/showt...0&pagenumber=1 Behringer DEQ2496 Ultra-Curve Pro Mastering Processor (subwoofer) http://www.musiciansfriend.com/srs7/...p?q=ultracurve Open Baffle Line Array Speakers http://www.geocities.com/dmitrynizh/labaffles.htm Dipoles/open baffle - Is the "figure-of-eight" radiation better than the "conventional" radiation? http://www.roister.com/eng/faqs.htm Room acoustics - By far the most uniform response in the range below 200 Hz http://www.linkwitzlab.com/rooms.htm is obtained with an open-baffle, dipole or figure-of-eight radiating source The Subwoofer DIY Page v1.1 Dipole Bass Systems http://www.diysubwoofers.org/dipole/ The Contrapunt, a dipole sub woofer. http://www.euronet.nl/users/temagm/audio/dipolesub.htm Baffle diffraction loss http://yu-ra.tripod.com/index_general.htm Dipole Bass - Adire Audio DPL-12 drivers http://sho.mystarband.net/BBContent/BBBass.html 2 350 Watt plate amps from Stryke Audio http://stryke.com/amplifiers.html A Word About Enclosure Filler (sealed subwoofer) http://www.bullysubs.com/design_phil.html Meyer Sound HD-1 : High Definition Audio Monitor http://www.meyersound.com/products/s...hd-1/index.htm ELAC Technische Software CARA 2.0 computer program http://www.stereophile.com/showarchives.cgi?438 RPG Diffusor Systems Room Optimizer http://www.rpginc.com/products/roomoptimizer/ RPG Diffusor Systems - CATT-Acoustic v8.0 http://www.catt.se/ RPG® developed the Shape Optimizer http://www.rpginc.com/products/chaos/index.htm ETF software is a highly accurate PC based acoustic measurement system http://www.acoustisoft.com/ CARA 2.1 PLUS (includes CARA Training CD) http://www.rhintek.com/ CARA - official site http://www.cara.de/ENU/index.html Updated CHECK OUT the NEW CARA 2.2 http://www.reflexlabs.com/ About Acoustics http://www.reflexlabs.com/page728281.htm ELAC Technische Software CARA 2.0 computer program review http://www.stereophile.com/showarchives.cgi?438:0 CARA Walkthrough http://www.cara.de/ENU/CARA/index.php?load=box3.html RPG Room Optimizer http://www.sweetwater.com/store/detail/RoomOptimizer/ The Sound of Quality in Monolithic Domes http://www.monolithic.com/plan_design/sound/index.html Bouncing Off the Walls Controlling acoustics in a Monolithic Dome http://www.monolithic.com/plan_desig...ics/index.html Audio Systems Enhance Living Word Bible Church http://www.monolithic.com/gallery/ch...ord/index.html Test Results Of Acoustics In Monolithic Dome Gyms Delight The Tester http://www.monolithic.com/plan_design/gym_acoustics/ EASE 4.0 - Enhanced Acoustic Simulator for Engineers - $1995 http://www.falconaudiovideo.com/ EASE 4.0 - Enhanced Acoustic Simulator for Engineers http://www.olsonsound.com/EASE/articles.html EASE 4.0 - Enhanced Acoustic Simulator for Engineers - developer site http://www.auralisation.de/index.html EASE 4.0 - Takes Off The Limits http://www.ada-acousticdesign.de/eas...out_ease40.htm ODEON Room Acoustics Modelling Software (dome?) http://www.bksv.com/?ID=2154 Room Acoustics & Sound System Design Links http://www.audioscientific.com/Room_...gn%20Links.htm JBL Professional software downloads http://www.jblpro.com/pages/software_downloads.htm room nodes, bass cancellation, EQ... http://www.futuremusic.co.uk/fm_mmus...=6809&PageNo=5 Golden Ratio room setup http://www.audiolinks.nl/speakersetup.htm Carvin's SX series solid-state guitar amps - John Murphy on tube amps http://www.trueaudio.com/at_eetjlm.htm WinSpeakerZ "complete" offer, user guide, book, software... http://www.trueaudio.com/catalog1.htm BassBox Pro - SPHERICAL ENCLOSURES! http://www.ht-audio.com/bassbox.htm Room interaction - reflections, absorbtion, reverb time, etc http://www.diysubwoofers.org/talksho...ages/34343.htm Diffraction-Free Sound Waves http://www.aip.org/physnews/graphics/html/yusuke.html ODEON Room Acoustics Modelling Software - expensive http://helmholtz.oersted.dtu.dk/~odeon// ODEON Room Acoustics Modelling Software - expensive http://www.bksv.com/?ID=2154 EASE V3.0 http://www.jblpro.com/pages/software/software.htm Preserving Wanted Sound, room acoustics.... - excellent! http://www.usg.com/Design_Solutions/...preserving.asp Room Acoustics & Sound System Design Links http://www.audioscientific.com/Room_...gn%20Links.htm Speak 2.5 - official site - $299.95 http://www.gedlee.com/speak.htm room acoustics - curved surfaces http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&i...urved+surfaces Room Acoustics - Design For Listening (curved surfaces...) http://irc.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/cbd/cbd092e.html Software links http://members.optusnet.com.au/~audiosoft/sahfsd07.txt Room acoustics (curved surfaces...) http://www.linkwitzlab.com/rooms.htm Infinite slope crossovers http://www.josephaudio.com/essay.islope.html DEQX Digital Calibration Processor/Crossover http://www.deqx.com/pdc26.html Passive Crossover Designer, free passive crossover design software - http://audio.claub.net/software/jbagby.html FRD Consortium, more free design and modeling software - http://www.pvconsultants.com/audio/frdgroup.htm ARTA - a powerful and free loudspeaker measurment suite - http://www.fesb.hr/~mateljan/arta/ I have more links, but this should cover most of what I have that's related to DIY speakers (& crossovers...). Last edited by RayL Jr.; 09-14-07 at 02:02 AM.. |
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02-02-04, 11:18 PM
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#8 | Link |
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AVS Special Member
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Thanks for all the great compliments!
 Also had a lot of positive feedback on my Free killer apps for your HTPC... thread in the Home Theater Computers section here @ AVS (it was put up as a sticky for now).  It also helps to have some software (& hardware for fine tuning), even if you do know most of the technical aspects of speaker building & design & know what drivers, etc... you want to use... Loudspeaker design manuals, books, software and hardware: hyperlinks moved to my thread below... I know there should be other good books, links, etc... Of course any members here can contribute their wisdom. I was even able to dig up (or create) spherical enclosure calculations for free on the web (from math sites). Many of the more expensive software programs can't even do those calcs... Last edited by RayL Jr.; 02-18-04 at 09:16 AM.. |
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02-04-04, 12:01 AM
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#11 | Link |
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AVS Special Member
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Thanks Chris3377 & BOK123!
I'll try to sort them all out a bit more sometime soon, shouldn't be too hard as they're all gathered in a spreadsheet & "halfway" sorted already... I put them in a spreadsheet because my Favorites folder would have been swamped. BTW Chris3377: the 12dB Linkwitz xover @ 3kHz & tweeter resonance @ about 1kHz should be A LOT better than a 2kHz xover. |
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02-05-04, 11:29 AM
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#12 | Link |
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AVS Special Member
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Conceptually loudspeakers are simple devices. Once you start looking at real accuracy, and taking real, accurate measurments, things get much, much more complicated.
From a simple circuit analysis point of view, a major point overlooked here is that a loudspeaker does not have a simple, resistive impedance. The impedance varies with frequency, and even changes radically depending on the enclosure it is placed in. This is in fact one reason so many DIYers like to go with active crossovers, as you remove the interaction with the impedance of the driver. Similarly, drivers which look pretty on paper, don't measure the same when placed in a real box. If we get even deeper into the details, we see that loudspeakers have some very interesting characteristics with respect to time. While many feel good about physically lining up drivers fore and aft, this is generally wishful thinking, as different drivers actually have internal fixed delay which is then compounded with the behavior of the crossover, making for a situation which requires accurate measurement. This is not to say that every speaker on the market is designed with all of these factors optimally dealt with, as EVERY design makes some compromise. I encourage you to start by building some speakers, but then get yourself a microphone and use a measurement system to see what you have created and what you are listening to. There are many inexpensive and even shareware systems out there. For loudspeaker design I would look at WinMLS or Praxis, and start hanging out on some of the loudspeaker design forums. Regards and good luck,
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Mark Seaton Seaton Sound, Inc. "Make no little plans; they have no magic to stir men's blood..." Daniel H. Burnham |
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02-16-04, 05:33 PM
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#14 | Link | |
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Member Wannabe
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Back on the original topic....
Quote:
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02-18-04, 09:11 AM
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#15 | Link | |
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Quote:
It could take forever refining one's own design, no matter what they put together - unless they have the proper room or area to put them in (e.g. new house time, & equalization or DRC only gets them so far). Then again some very talented musicians seem content with a boombox or "in a van down by the river" system... Driver selection also seems to be a big part of the equation. The pros all seem to agree compromises must be made - I've seen sites on post grad work tackling it like "rocket science". If one doesn't have good wide range drivers that "compliment" each other, it can easily become so. Not to say driver selection is easy, I've spent many hours making a spreadsheet for that (from tweeters to subwoofers). I now have hyperlinks for Loudspeaker design software and hardware: True Audio 'Introduction to Loudspeaker Design" by John L Murphy $24.95 http://www.trueaudio.com/ild_abt1.htm Vance Dickason's Loudspeaker Recipes Vol. 1 $24.95 http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg...glance&s=books Vance Dickason's Loudspeaker Design Cookbook 6th Ed. $39.95 http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg...glance&s=books Master Handbook of Acoustics - F. Alton Everest $27.97 http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg...10240?v=glance David Weems' Designing/Buidling Speaker Systems 4th Ed $13.97 http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg...glance&s=books David Weems' Great Sound Stereo Speaker Manual w/CD-ROM $24.47 http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/se...267016-9510240 Theory and Design of Loudspeaker Enclosures - J. E. Benson (out of print) http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg...10240?v=glance Unibox free http://www.danbbs.dk/~ko/ubtxt.htm WinISD Pro, 0.4X free http://www.linearteam.org/winisd.html Martin J. King's MathCAD models (Quarter Wavelength Loudspeaker Design) free http://www.quarter-wave.com/ Speaker Workshop free http://www.speakerworkshop.com/ WinMLS2000 - loudspeaker measurement $39.00 http://www.winmls.com/ SoundEasy V8.0, EasyLab, BoxCad 4.0 $225.00 http://www.interdomain.net.au/~bodzio/ True Audio WinSpeakerz $129.00 http://www.trueaudio.com/win_abt1.htm True Audio TrueRTA Level 4 $99.95 http://www.trueaudio.com/ LspCAD, justMLS $129.00 http://www.ijdata.com/ LspCAD PRO, justMLS $495.00 http://www.ijdata.com/ BassBox & Xover Pro Version 6 (w/spherical design) $199.00 http://www.ht-audio.com/xoverpro.htm GedLee LLC Speak 2.5 (w/spherical design, baffle diffraction) $299.95 http://www.gedlee.com/speak.htm PureBits Sample Champion Light $99.00 http://www.purebits.com/scoverview.html PureBits Sample Champion Pro $299.00 http://www.purebits.com/scoverview.html PureBits Sample Champion - Impedance and Thiele Small Plugin $29.00 http://www.purebits.com/scplugins.html#anc#6 PureBits Sample Champion Pro + all Plugins Bundle http://www.purebits.com/order.html SpectraPLUS 3.32 http://www.cetaceanresearch.com/analysis.html SpectraPRO 3.32 http://www.cetaceanresearch.com/analysis.html SpectraLAB 4.32 http://www.cetaceanresearch.com/analysis.html HobbyBox V.5 (German site) CLIOWin Lite with PCI card, signal Conditioner, and Mitey Mike II $749.00 http://www.cliowin.com/tour1.htm LoudSpeaker LAB 2 with measurement box $310.00 http://hem.passagen.se/johnygre/ENG/main.htm LoudSpeaker LAB 2 with measurement box including a calibrated microphone $400.00 http://hem.passagen.se/johnygre/ENG/main.htm Liberty Instruments - Praxis, AudPod measurements, Girardin mic (also LspCAD) http://www.libinst.com/ LinearX Systems LMS - Loudspeaker Measurement System $1,395.00 http://www.linearx.com/products/ProductsTop.htm LinearX Systems Leap5 enclosure and crossover design modules $1,490.00 http://www.linearx.com/products/ProductsTop.htm LinearX Systems Leap5 EnclosureShop $795.00 http://www.linearx.com/products/ProductsTop.htm LinearX Systems Leap5 Crossover Shop $795.00 http://www.linearx.com/products/ProductsTop.htm EASE 4.0 - Enhanced Acoustic Simulator for Engineers $1,995.00 http://www.ada-acousticdesign.de/eas...out_ease40.htm CARA 2.2 Plus, Training CD, Audio Test CD $74.95 http://www.visaton.com/cgi/VisatonFr...Artikel_ID=683 RPG Diffusor Systems Room Optimizer $99.99 http://www.rpginc.com/products/roomoptimizer/index.htm RPG Diffusor Systems - CATT-Acoustic v8.0 http://www.rpginc.com/products/catt/ CATT-Acoustic v8.0 http://www.catt.se/ ODEON Room Acoustics Modelling Software - expensive http://www.dat.dtu.dk/~odeon/products.htm |
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02-21-04, 07:24 PM
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#16 | Link |
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AVS Special Member
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Theory is nice. Knowledge is power. Good components are important.
But trying to design and construct a good loudspeaker system from scratch without a competent measurement system is like asking Leonardo to paint the Mona Lisa with a blindfold on. Liberty Audio has everything you need, for not much money. Last edited by PrimeTime; 02-22-04 at 02:13 AM.. |
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05-11-04, 12:05 PM
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#18 | Link |
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Advanced Member
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Not sure if I add to the tremendous list that Ray posted, but I found these threads to be excellent:
http://www.audiocircle.com/circles/viewtopic.php?t=9652 http://www.audiocircle.com/circles/v...ic.php?t=10046 http://www.audiocircle.com/circles/viewtopic.php?t=5095 Sorry if any of these were in the list and I missed them! |
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05-12-04, 04:28 PM
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#19 | Link |
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AVS Special Member
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Gladiator, I just alphabetized the list in my spreadsheet and the links you gave were not in there. Thanks!
Interesting, the 1st link mentioned 120 dB/octave crossovers - What is an Infinite Slope™ Crossover?. I've heard of 48, 52, 99 dB/octave in an active crossover system - but this one is passive somehow. I'll add them in, I also have a lot more links but want to get them in “order” before I edit the list. |
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06-05-04, 12:13 PM
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#21 | Link |
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AVS Special Member
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Also with sharp filters & off-axis frequency response is reduced lobing (driver frequency overlap with reinforcement and cancellation near crossover frequencies). Especially between the tweeter & midrange drivers, makes them blend in as a "point source" better (if drivers are spaced reasonably close enough).
I guess there's a “tradeoff” compared to low/1st order crossovers, which have a better electrical phase shift - but that would be for passive crossovers. Very steep slopes usually are active (bi-amping...), where one could have much more control over each "independent" driver (but is more expensive).
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Free killer apps for your HTPC... (contributing AVS thread) Antennas, rotators, boosters/preamps... for wide-band VHF/UHF (contributing AVS thread) |
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06-27-04, 12:25 AM
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#23 | Link |
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AVS Special Member
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the liberty instruments suite was mentioned above... i have an implementation of Laud which set me back (if memory is correct) 800-1000 bucks...
http://www.purebits.com/products.html offers software called sample champion which appears to produce prettier graphs than the version of Laud that i have and which is PC/soundcard based. the cost is $199 euros. one of these days i intend to test it and it might be a good place to start, for cost reasons, for somebody looking to get into this type of thing.
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Understanding sound isolation That link may be helpful Brian Posted content copyright 2004-2008 Green Glue Company, LLC |
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06-27-04, 01:24 AM
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#24 | Link |
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AVS Special Member
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Sample Champion looks like a simple but very effective way for audio analysis from your PC. The mic hookup instructions online look simple enough.
Much more effective than a Radio Shack meter. It's a compliment to loudspeaker design software that one might already have - specialized loudspeaker measurement software. Yup, "Just the facts, maam." The key is the price is not out of the stratosphere, and for those who want to make sure they get their designs & crossovers right (& not just on paper). Their are a few other ones I like too - SoundEasy EasyLab & True Audio RTA, depends on what you need (these 2 are both design & measure).
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Free killer apps for your HTPC... (contributing AVS thread) Antennas, rotators, boosters/preamps... for wide-band VHF/UHF (contributing AVS thread) |
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06-27-04, 01:34 AM
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#25 | Link |
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AVS Special Member
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hey ray, let me add my kudo's to everybody elses on your amazing list.
i was going to start a thread asking if anybody had worked with Sample Champion, but maybe i'll just ask here and see if that garners any responses. so... ? lol soundeasy looks interesting for sure, i've never used it.
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Understanding sound isolation That link may be helpful Brian Posted content copyright 2004-2008 Green Glue Company, LLC |
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07-17-04, 01:10 AM
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#27 | Link |
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AVS Special Member
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It depends on what features your receiver has. If you have large main or front speakers & satellites, your receiver should be set to cross over low or run "full range" with your sub. It also depends on what settings your sub has if any (which are right on the sub enclosure). But it may be "trial & error" to run surround sound with your satellites if they are "small"... If you run just 2.1 channel, then crossing low should be better with your mains (fronts).
Try to find out the specs on your mains & surrounds (frequencies that they play down to). That way you can determine where more exactly to set the sub. I'm not sure, but setting the crossover to "high" with small satellites playing surround sound might be more balanced - because setting the receiver to "low crossover" you'll miss those lower frequencies going to the satellites & the sub. Many of those links have to do with crossing over the individual drivers in a speaker & crossover slopes (acoustic & electric behavior). Many links also cover a broad range of topics. I should organize the list better like my "Free killer apps" thread below in my sig.
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Free killer apps for your HTPC... (contributing AVS thread) Antennas, rotators, boosters/preamps... for wide-band VHF/UHF (contributing AVS thread) |
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11-12-04, 10:30 PM
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#28 | Link |
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Member
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As for as crossovers go, the whole goal is to match the frequency response of each driver to every other driver in the system, now you have to take into consideration different types of crossovers.
1) low pass filters, high pass filters, notch filters, and bandpass filters. 2) you need to know what effect the cabinet will have on the speakers 3) you should know your power your sending to the speakers and get components that match those power ratings, you dont want to blow coils or resistors. 4) you also should decide the tolerances you want on the components, tighter tolerances like 2% or 5% will give you greater control on the frequency that is cut off, less guessing and you can be really specific. How many drivers are you using? What are their characteristics in the cabinet? Where is their -3db point? Where to crossover the mid and the tweeter is where you should spend your time on. You want to make sure the voices, 1000-5000 hz, are being played out of the driver that can best handle those frequencies, if you can find a tweeter that can play low or a mid that can play the highs easily that would be ideal. As far as for woofers, I'm not familiar with that brand but if their is a woofer involved I'd find out if you are going to port it or not. Then put a hpf on it also called a subsonic filter for the ported application. Sealed woofers will naturally filter themselves mechanically in the proper enclosure. To do it right you should get a ociliscope for a weekend and mic each speaker in the enclosure with white noise then find your -3db point and find the slope you need and go from there with power specs. Just one mans opinion. If your building the cabinet build the xover! |
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11-19-04, 11:06 AM
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#30 | Link | |
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AVS Special Member
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Thanks for the compliment thundabot.
Sorry about the late reply, I've been doing a lot of DIY repair & cleanup in the yard & house lately. I have some info on the new DLP HDTVs, & a few good under $2000 USD projectors. DIY projector screens looks cool. With space & room permitting a projector with a DIY “in-wall” screen would go nice with in-wall speakers.I do have a bunch more "newer" audio links in a separate spreadsheet. Some are the same as in this thread, so I have to sort them out before I post (so they will not be listed twice). I'd like to just post them right away, as there must now be over a thousand in all & it could take a while to sort.
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Free killer apps for your HTPC... (contributing AVS thread) Antennas, rotators, boosters/preamps... for wide-band VHF/UHF (contributing AVS thread) |
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I'm speechless. Thank you so much RayL, I'm going to be busy for a long time. That's what I love about this forum, no shortage of people willing to help.
