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12TB Stand-Alone Media Server for $1200

post #1 of 17
Thread Starter 
Well, the time has come, my existing array has run out of space, so it's time to build a dedicated media server. I've poured over this for a LONG time trying to find the best solution. I've looked at readily available NAS solutions, or a pre-built WHS, finally deciding it will in fact be cheaper, and not all that hard to build something myself. My first stop was building a DIY SATA port multiplier box, but after pricing out everything, and comparing a DIY solution to a pre-build solution that just needs drives, I figured it would be a pain to have to use an existing system to host everything. Then I set about the challenge of building an equally sized full server, without skimping or cutting corners, for the price of the add-on SATA port multipliers I was looking at, and I've done it.

I'm personally going to re-use an existing hard drive and likely an old copy of XPpro for hosting duties, but as I've found there are several open source options, a few of which will run right off a thumb drive, I'm sure everyone here has a spare one of those around, so server software or an OS drive are not included in the $1200 though if you were to go with a cheaper case or power supply you could easily fit one in under $1200 before shipping, as it stands it's less than $1200 with shipping to AZ.

So, the parts list:
Antec VSK-2000 -34.99- Nice Roomy case, plenty of room for drives and dual 120mm intakes right across the drives.
GIGABYTE GA-G31M-ES2L -49.99- Cheapest motherboard I could find with gigabit ethernet and enough expansion slots that the server can be upgraded in the future(pci-e cablecard?)
Intel Celeron 430 -39.99- Cheap, 35W and 775 to allow for upgrade-ability later if needed.
WINTEC AMPO (2 x 1GB) DDR2 800 -40.99- More than enough and the cheapest 2GB kit I could find.
SeaSonic Bronze 300W PSU -38.99- Went with the 120mm version. Plenty of power, inexpensive and from a name I trust.
SYBA PCI 4-Port SATAII card -39.99ea-79.98- Inexpensive, silicon immage controller I've used before and will leave room for future expansion in the PCI-e slots.
WD 1.5TB HDDS -109.99ea-879.92- Went with these as they're low power, the 1.5TB drives have the best price/GB right now and it'll be a little while till the 4K sector EARS drives are out and reasonably priced.

I know the one thing everyone is going to stop and scratch their heads on is going to be the RAID controllers. I went CHEAP. I know, but overall drive performance simply doesn't matter in a media server, at least not if you're shopping in this price range. It's been beaten to death in certain threads(not lately unfortunately) but there is simply no need for excessive network or hard drive bandwidth for simple music/DVD or even BD streaming.

Please feel free to leave any comments and I'll update the thread as I get things in and built.
post #2 of 17
So you are going to put 8 3.5" drives in a case that has 6 internal bays? Don't forget an adapter drive cage to convert those 5.25" bays into 3.5".
post #3 of 17
Thread Starter 
Quote:
Originally Posted by cdru View Post

So you are going to put 8 3.5" drives in a case that has 6 internal bays? Don't forget an adapter drive cage to convert those 5.25" bays into 3.5".

Has one "external" 3.5" bays as well. I had thought it had two, but I guess I was mistaken there. Been staring at too many cases lately. I guess that's going to require another caveat of the design, thanks for pointing that out. I have tons of spares of those laying around, they're the older thermaltake ones, but will work quite fine IMHO. Damn, so close. Will have to look up a new case later.
post #4 of 17
Quote:
Originally Posted by ArtosDracon View Post

....
SeaSonic Bronze 300W PSU -38.99- Went with the 120mm version. Plenty of power, inexpensive and from a name I trust.
...


It sounds like you want to run 8 HD. I am not sure if a 300W PSU would be able to pull it off. My guess is that you would need at least a staggered start up to avoid overloading it during boot.
____
Axel
post #5 of 17
Quote:



It sounds like you want to run 8 HD. I am not sure if a 300W PSU would be able to pull it off. My guess is that you would need at least a staggered start up to avoid overloading it during boot.
____
Axel

The WD green drives are rated at 6W. For 8 drives 6x8= 48W. 300W should be fine with a low power cpu/ motherboard combo(e.g. atom or celeron).
post #6 of 17
Do you need all of that drive space now? I started my UnRaid server with two 1TB drives, then, as I needed space, I kept an eye out for good deals on drives. Since I only care about price per gig, I usually ended up buying a larger drive, which is great because at some point I will not be able to add any drives. Over the long run I now have more drive space for the same/less cost. I now have: two 1TB; four 1.5TB; three 2TB. Since you have only room for eight drives, then this type of buy-as-you-go strategy would give you more time before you need another server. Again, this only applies if you don't need all of the space immediately.
post #7 of 17
Quote:
Originally Posted by sriramc View Post

The WD green drives are rated at 6W. For 8 drives 6x8= 48W. 300W should be fine with a low power cpu/ motherboard combo(e.g. atom or celeron).

During normal operation. On spin-up, which is what Axel is concerned about, power draw can be much more, perhaps in the region of 20~30W per drive (mostly on the 12V rail, I think).

That said, I think he'll be fine with a 300W PSU, albeit that's the minimum I'll go with for 8 drives. Got a 9-drive unRAID server myself and iirc, the Kill-A-Watt reported 280W during boot.
post #8 of 17
You've got to watch the start-up current. The current draw on starting for any WD drive is not spec'd. The Seagate drives are spec'd around 1.6A to 2A each so I would assume similar numbers for the WD drives to be safe. So, for 8 drives you want to allow for about 16A on the 12V rail. That power supply is rated 17A each for 2 12V rails which is 408W and over the 300W rating. Personally, I'd look for a 25A or 30A single 12V rail power supply. The Corsair 400W supply fits this requirement, as I'm sure other do to.

Peter
post #9 of 17
Given you are tight for SATA ports I would recommend looking at the hitachi 2 TB drives, which have approx the same cost/byte as the 1.5 GB WD's, but gives you more storage. You can start with 6 or 7 of them instead of 8 and then add more depending on need.
post #10 of 17
You can't look at watt usage like that. You have to consider how many amps each HD is rated to pull from the 12v and 5v rails, and as another poster pointed out, your PSU uses 2 12v rails, so you need to make sure not all of the HDs or majority are connecting to one of the rails but evenly spaced with your other 12v equipment. If either of them get close to the PSUs max amp rating for that rail included with all your other equipment, then you need to upgrade it.

As a comparison, I just bought my first media server/second HTPC for bedroom and will list it minus the HDs with what it would cost to build with support for 22 SATA devices. My cost also includes increased CPU/GPU power as it will be my bedroom HTPC as well by means of HDMI/IR over Cat6 from the server closet:

Total cost for server to support 22 SATA devices with 20 3.5" HD hotswap bays minus hard drive cost is: $906

Include your cost of $110 for 1.5TB drive, and you could have a more powerful CPU/GPU 30TB server @ 10.2 cents per GB, or a total of $3080, though realistically it will cost less as HD costs reduce and you buy as-needed.

Your server cost you about the same @ 10 cents per GB, but you can no longer expand and would drastically increase your cost/GB if you did.

With your $1200 budget, you could have built this server starting out with 5 HDs with a total of 7.5TB storage (this is minus the 2 Supermicro controllers and SAS to SAS cables as you wouldn't need them yet).

Equipment:
- $320 Norco 4220 Case: Has 20 hot swap drive bays and room for 2 2.5 HDs and 1 slim 5.25 at the top.
- $75 Foxconn ELA LGA Motherboard 775: Has 3 PCIex16 slots and 2 PCIex1. This is for 2 PCIex4 SATA controllers and PCIex1 Tuners.
- reused C2D e6600: $80 for similar CPU
- $50 Crucial 4 GB 1066 kit. Bought it half a year ago when prices were cheap.
- Reused 580W Maddog PSU: $80 for good ~600W PSU to power 22 HDs. Will replace this 580W as I increase my HDs as it is getting old.
- $30 ATI 4650 1GB 128-bit DDR2
- $200 for 2 Supermicro AOC-SASLP-MV8: 8-port SATA by 2 SAS connector controller card. I haven't bought these yet as I don't need them yet.
- $15 x1 SAS to SATA reversebreakout cable: 4 SATA cable adapter to connect the MB SATA to the Norco SAS backplane. I learned the hard way that it must be 'reverse' breakout cable.
- $56 for 4 SAS 8087 to SAS 8087 cable: Connect the Supermicro controller cards to the 4 SAS backplanes of the Norco.
post #11 of 17
Thread Starter 
Wow, a rather odd collection of posts, at least compared to what I was expecting.

No, I don't need all this storage right now, but I don't see prices for hard drives coming down drastically over the next year as there are very few technologies in the pipeline, with 4K sectors being the next big thing, and I highly doubt they're going to push drive prices down any time soon.

I am aware of peak power loads on start-up and having to balance hard drives across multiple 12V rails, however from my experience Seasonic is very easy to sort out which ports are on specific rails, if that even becomes necessary. Also, as another poster pointed out, even if all the drives pulled 2A on the 12V rail, which is high IMHO that is still an amp below the maximum 12V rating of the power supply and should be fine for a few seconds at start-up, that being said, I would generally recommend going higher as well.

As to the reccomended set-up above, why would I want to spend more and get less space? Better CPU and GPU performance would be pointless as this is going to be sitting in a corner or closet somewhere with no keyboard, mouse or monitor hooked up, this is simply a media server.

Finally, I had considered the hitachi drives but after a lot of research I've learned that the hitachi drives are a 5 platter design, and has had a LOT of DOA drives in the last month or so, thusly I went for 1.5TB drives that are cheaper per GB.
post #12 of 17
I was only showing others for the same price what they could start with and grow into, being the key point. Once you fill up your 12TB, you're stuck at looking at an external or second server setup which drastically increases the cost. The Norco setup gives you expandability to 30TB (if you stay with 1.5TB drives) for only 4.5 less TB starting out with a 1.2k budget.
post #13 of 17
Well, I guess my point was that I always recommend a power supply with a over sized single 12V rail.

I should have also recommended you look at the COOLER MASTER Centurion 590 case. A little more money but it has 9 x 5.25" external drive bays. Using either cheap screw-in or expensive "hot swap" adapters you can get 12 or 15 drives in it.

You didn't mention what type of OS or how the drives will be accessed. If you're planning on some type of parity array that has to read 8 drives on the PCI buss at once then it will be slow when doing this. Otherwise, accessing a single drive on the PCI is fine for media serving. But then, you're installing 8 drives so not sure why you don't put the first 4 on the motherboard and use just one PCI card. Or, find another board that is $5 or $10 more so you can fit 6 on the motherboard and use a $20 PCIex1 to 2 x SATA card.

Peter
post #14 of 17
When going for a standard case instead of rackmount for a server, I always recommend one of the older Cooler Master Stackers. I picked up a used one for a little over $100. With no extra work they hold 16 drives, or, with a little work, they can hold 20.
post #15 of 17
Quote:
but I don't see prices for hard drives coming down drastically over the next year

I always feel the same way about storage prices, and every 9-12 months I'm pleasantly surprised. VERY glad I went unRaid and only purchase the drives I need at that time. Now I've got a bunch of 500g and 1tb drives lying around that I can't really use since I've upgraded to 1.5s in my box.
post #16 of 17
Nice job on the budget storage ArtosDracon.

Commenting on your PSU choice...Seasonic is (obviously) a good brand, but I'm in the '300W isn't enough' camp with the others. I went with a Rosewill 530W PSU for cheap. 80+ certified, tons of connections, and extremely silent for the price. I've been really impressed lately with Rosewill's quality for what you shell out.

Quote:
Originally Posted by joikd View Post

When going for a standard case instead of rackmount for a server, I always recommend one of the older Cooler Master Stackers. I picked up a used one for a little over $100. With no extra work they hold 16 drives, or, with a little work, they can hold 20.

+1 Those cases have TONS of room for expansion.

Not quite as large, but slightly cheaper is the Rosewill R901. I recently bought one of these (as well as the PSU mentioned above) for a DAS project. Nine 5.25" bays will give you 12 HDDs with 4-in-3 brackets or 15 with 5-in-3 brackets. Not to mention it comes with three 120MM fans as well.
post #17 of 17
Thread Starter 
I actually have an original stacker, a Centurion 590, a 690 II Advanced, an Elite 360 and an Elite 335 an original Centurion 540 and a 543 just laying around in the garage. And that's just my CM selection. I have about 30 cases out there. I was, at one time, a professional case modder and water cooler. I customized, water cooled or built entire systems for about 300 local people in two years and just got bored/burned out. The new VSK looked really nice and I wanted to play with it. I'm using a 590 for my current HTPC/server and they're a great case, HIGHLY recommended to anyone. I still shop cases regularly just for new ones to play with, I have about a dozen antecs laying around, never been very impressed with them besides the ISK300-65. Lian-Li I'm just sick of, I'm tired of them changing one thing on a case and making it a whole new model in a whole new generation, besides that, they're just so expensive. I built my own cases towards then end of my business, all aluminum or all acrylic, cube, mid tower and full tower designs.

You guys are probably right about the power supply too, I'll have to see what I can find with a revised case and power supply to fit the budger, probably go with one of those Rosewill full towers for $25, I've used them a few times for budget builds, and they're fine if they're built and left sit under a desk or in a closet or something, I wouldn't want to transport them too much though.
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