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New to DIY? FAQ's in here

148K views 164 replies 76 participants last post by  sathyakamaraj 
#1 · (Edited)
*In process – thanks to all members who have contributed!*

Since I’ve received so much help from the guys on this forum, I figured I would put together a quick FAQ that addresses some common questions that seem to repeat on here pertaining to DIY subwoofer and loudspeaker building. I've also received many PMs which seemed to have a common theme in terms of question content. I will try to address many of them in this post.

In general I'm trying to keep this basic as the amount of information to the new guy is more than overwhelming already. If any of you have useful links that provide additional detail in a specific area that would be helpful, please chime in and I will add it.

General advice - Building your own gear is extremely gratifying and rewarding. With that said, be prepared for some roadblocks, challenges, and mistakes along the way. A warning that this hobby, and especially DIY projects, are EXTREMELY addicting. More is never enough as they say. Take your time, try not to obsess over the details (like I do!), and balance your projects with other important aspects of your life like family and friends. Don't overwhelm yourself by trying to learn every step at once. Take it one step at a time, keeping in mind your goals and limitations. There is always time for another project down the road, time to make corrections, changes, etc. Wood and materials are relatively inexpensive, but the learning you receive from this process is priceless. Enjoy the journey - that is the FUN part!

First off - designing your own build from scratch can be very daunting for a new DIY user. There is nothing wrong with copying and/or personalizing a proven design from others on here.

Master list of subwoofer builds here.
Master list of loudspeaker builds here.
More speaker builds here.
And more...
https://sites.google.com/site/undefinition/diy-faqs-provendesigns

General PI speakers FAQ with tons of useful information for your build in this post.

Note: I will continue to update this post as I think of other topics to add. Feel free to contribute and I will add to (and correct) this post as needed.

What tools do I need?

Here are some of the typical tools used by a DIYer:
  • MANDATORY - Hearing, eye, dust/respirator, and ear protection. This is not optional.
  • Some type of saw to do your rip and crosscuts. Options include a table saw, circular saw with a guide/track, panel /vertical saw, etc. Alternatively you can bring your cut sheet to Home Depot, Lowes, etc. and have them do your cuts and you can bring home a rough “flat pack.” Warning: If you chose to have a big box store make your cuts, bring your own measuring and marking tools. These stores have been known to be less than accurate at times. It is also better to have the cuts slightly larger and cleaned up at home than to have them too small and have to recut. A good piece of advice if you're new to cutting: Make any boards that have overlapping edges (front baffle, sides, etc) slightly larger so they can be trimmed after install. A good general recommendation is 1/8" larger. A router can be used with a basic flush trim bit to clean up these edges in merely seconds. That extra "buffer" will ensure your boards do not wind up too short in critical areas.
  • A means to make your baffle cuts. This can be a plunge router (I love my Bosch 1617) or a simple jigsaw with a good blade. A router provides the ability to do “rounded edges” as well as other tasks like cleaning up edges and so forth and can be a very versatile tool for the DIYer. For smaller cuts such as under 4” you can likely use a hole saw. A good router discussion is here.
  • A miter (chop) saw can be handy if you are making your own grills out of wood pieces, but a circular saw could be used as well.
  • An assortment of parallel or bar clamps (or similar) to hold the enclosure(s) while they are being glued. Trust me when I tell you that you can never seem to have enough clamps.
  • carpenter's square and pencils
  • A drill and good set of drill bits – for mounting the drivers, installing terminal cups, etc
  • Sandpaper with a block, orbital sander, or belt sander to prepare the box for finishing.
  • A putty knife to spread bondo, wood filler, or your finishing material of choice.
  • Finishing equipment : Spray gun, roller and tray, brushes, paint tray. Some types of paints require specific tools to apply.
  • GLOVES – these come in very handy during the gluing and painting phases.
Here is a good link providing some popular tools used to perform typical sub/speaker build tasks.
http://www.hometheatershack.com/for...bwoofer-project-tools-tips.html#axzz2Ii0ACOt3

Note: Going with a flatpack like those from www.diysoundgroup.com greatly reduces the number of tools (and effort) required to the bare essentials like glue, clamps, and finishing materials.

What materials do I need?
  • Wood for the enclosure and bracing: Popular options include MDF, Baltic Birch, and ‘cabinet grade’ plywood. Baltic birch can vary by local availability, but MDF and other plywood are often available at most big box stores. You are looking for a sheet of wood that is primarily void free, unwarped, and contains solid/straight edges. 3/4" thickness is a very popular size used. Some will use wood dowels as a means of bracing as well. Many chose to use a double (or even triple) baffle configuration to provide extra support and/or visual appeal.
  • Screws to mount the driver and terminal cups. Some like to use the hurricane / t-nuts or similar, but they do require more effort and skill to apply properly. Info on t-nuts here.
  • Wood glue or a bonding adhesive like PL premium. PL premium comes in a tube that requires a caulking gun.
  • Driver(s) of your choice
  • Terminal cups and or binding posts
  • Crossover(s), (optional). Crossover design from scratch can be tricky and one of the most challenging aspects of a build. Look for others designs that have been proven first. If you chose to design your own, take the time to understand the concepts and ask questions.
  • Grill materials (optional)- speaker cloth, metal grill, wood strips (1x2's are popular), magnets and/or grill pins
  • Sandpaper or sanding discs (optional)
  • Wood filler, bondo, or some type of putty to fill imperfections if needed (optional)
  • Paint, veneer, and/or stain are popular choices (optional. Some may use a primer to help seal the wood before painting. A good discussion on finishing options around paint, stain, and duratex can be found here. Help/tip on creating a mirror/gloss finish here. More finishing tips here.
  • Feet for enclosure (optional)
  • Wire for drivers, terminal cups, and crossovers.
  • Polyfil or pillow equivalent. Why do I need to polyfil? Read this.
General woodworking help
How to use a table saw
How to use a router
Help using a jasper jig to cut circles / baffle cutouts. Video help .

Creating cut sheets - Free software!

Some help on creating custom baffle cutouts and driver recesses here.

Router selection -
Use 1/2" shank bits whenever possible
Slow start and variable motor speed are really nice options
Budget good router bits - check out kits from MLCS

Assembly tips and best practices

good articles as recommended by members:
What is Fiberfill and how does it affect a subwoofer enclosure?

What material(s) are best for lining speaker/subwoofer cabinet walls?
See this thread.

Best practice: "zip ties to keep the series connection wire from bouncin", from http://www.avsforum.com/t/1453468/stereo-integrity-18-d2-build-sealed#post_22860754


Also from same thread, simple DIY 90deg jig to keep holes square when drilling:


Best practice: Cover your (poly)fill with thin netting, from http://www.avsforum.com/t/1415823/2...-15s-or-1-tc-sounds-lms-r-15/90#post_22583001


Best practice: "I used a 2" flush edge bit for the edges, bondo for the larger cracks, a blunder on my poor edging skills, and screw and nail holes. Then I shaped the edges with a 3/4" round-over bit on the outer edges and a 1/8" round-over for the edge that surrounds the driver.". from http://www.avsforum.com/t/1453468/stereo-integrity-18-d2-build-sealed#post_22860764


Fastener to mount driver
http://www.avsforum.com/t/1464218/b...hen-mounting-sub-drivers-to-mdf#post_23107456

Paint finishes
Other on paint:
http://www.talkshopbot.com/forum/showpost.php?p=74323&postcount=6
http://www.avsforum.com/t/1465484/help-painting-finishing-one-of-erics-flatpacks#post_23136072

Tip: Zip tie for easy remove heavy driver http://www.avsforum.com/t/1460745/ultimax-15-deal-of-the-day/30#post_23100837


How can I make perfect grills?

http://www.avsforum.com/t/1507627/perfect-grills-using-the-gum-method/0_100#post_24118941




What driver(s) should I use?


The brand and model(s) of popular options will change due to the nature of the electronics industry, but there always seems to be a few forum favorites, based on developments, sales promotions, and vendor availability. This will vary greatly upon the listening environment, usage, and other factors.
Thanks to our friend and valued member Josh Ricci, a number of popular options have had standardized testing performed (subwoofers) at his site www.data-bass.com. This is a GREAT resource and an awesome starting point for someone looking for drivers within their budget.

www.partsexpress.com offers a huge assortment of options that are often discussed here on the forum.


What are the benefits to using multiple (subwoofer) drivers?


Smoother frequency response, reduction of room modes/nulls, and of course, additional output.

Articles:

Geddes technique
Paul Spencer's Bass Integration Guide
Other articles

There is also a nice multi-sub thread by our own kgveteran. He uses an interesting approach of filling in a rather deep and broad null with additional subs using the MiniDSP to bandpass filter the signal applied to the filler subs.

How do I build a crossover? Where do I start?


Crossover FAQ - includes info as to how to 'decode' schematics
More crossover info and examples

What type and size enclosure should I use? How can I best predict how it will sound?

First off - based on your priorities and/or building experience, one must choose a design type. Popular configurations are sealed, vented, and horn loaded. Infinite baffles are also a very popular option. Each have their pro/cons with regard to efficiency, output, size, and build complexity.

Sealed vs. Bass Reflex vs. Horn by Josh Ricci

Ported enclosures - what size ports do I need? Help here - http://www.subwoofer-builder.com/port-flares.htm

Infinite Baffles by Pitviper33 - "If you own your space and have the flexibility to make some modifications, you don't have to limit yourself to building a subwoofer that sits in your room. With an infinite baffle subwoofer you make the subwoofer part of your room by installing it into the floor, wall, or ceiling. These type of subwoofers have the best WAF of all, because they can be completely hidden from view. And because the drivers don't have to work against the air spring of a box, you get ultra low distortion and ultra deep bass output for very low cost. Check out the FAQ at the "Cult of the Infinitely Baffled" for more details."

Infinite baffle FAQ

I'm interested in building a Tapped Horn - Where to start?

Download the Hornresp software here.

Check out this great tutorial using hornresp from lilmike.

More tutorial/information on starting with hornresp here.


Without building and measuring each prototype directly (this would be a LOT of work), we often rely on modeling software to best predict how a certain system will perform. A popular option on here is the WinISD modeling software.

Setting up new drivers in this software may seem like a daunting task at first, but a detailed guide can be provided a HTshack here that provides step by step instructions:
http://www.hometheatershack.com/for...wnload-detailed-guide-how-use-winisd-pro.html

WinISD Troubleshooting:

Q: I downloaded WinISD, entered driver information, tried to save and am getting errors, what do I do?

A: Make sure all fields are clear, then:
  • enter qes then hit tab, enter qms
  • hit tab a couple times and let it calculate qts
  • hit tab a few times to move to mms
  • enter mms, re, bl, le, sd, xmax, and pe
  • by using tab after entering each data, it will calculate what it needs to
Q: I'm running WinISD on Windows 7, and when I try to exit the program, I get the error message "Access violation at address 00000000. Read of address 00000000". I have to use Task Manager to shut it down.

A: Download the latest version at http://www.linearteam.org/download/winisd-07x.exe. This version is not linked from the Linear Team home page, but WinISD author Juha Hartikainen links to it from his Twitter account.[/quote]

Once you’ve nailed down the appropriate volume for your enclosure and drivers, we can apply a tool to determine volume for given dimensions. A popular tool like boxnotes will determine box volume based on dimensions you’ve determine meet your room’s size constraints and/or WAF acceptability. This software also provides cut dimensions for each build.
http://www.subwoofer-builder.com/freesoft.htm

Once we have our cut dimensions, we can use a modeling program to determine the most efficient ways of making cuts with our stock available. A tool like CutList will provide a means to map out your cuts:
http://www.delphiforfun.org/programs/cutlist.htm


What amp(s) should I use?


There are a few considerations that one must observe when shopping for an amplifier?
  • Power rating: Often one must stay within the confines of the recommended power level of the chosen design.
  • Impedance match: Does your total impedance of your system match the constraints of the amplifier you’ve selected? Is this the most efficient use of the amplifiers design?
  • Size/type: Do I want a plate amplifier that is built into the speaker cabinet or a separate, standalone rack or shelf mounted option?
  • Power demands: Pay close attention to the current (and voltage) available in your listening area of choice. Many amplifiers require dedicated 15, 20, or 30A lines and some even operate on 240V.
  • Quality/vendor reputation: Having 30,000 watts is no fun if it breaks all the time or requires constant repair. Choose a reputable vendor who will provide support for years to come should an issue arise.
  • Cost: OK, you’ve designed a 32 x 18” subwoofer system and plan on 30,000 watts to support it. You’re wife has agreed to give up the space and you’ve got 400A electrical service at your pad. Obviously cost is a significant consideration for most of us.
I have an SPL goal in mind at my listening position. How much power do I need?

http://myhometheater.homestead.com/splcalculator.html

Question: I want to use a pro amp but I'm concerned about fan noise. I don't like the idea of modding my amp internally or replacing the fan(s). What should I do?

Many of us in this situation are building relay boxes to turn the amps on/off in a remote location using the 12V output (trigger) from the receiver. Here are a few examples:
Modded EP4000 with internal relay
http://www.avsforum.com/t/1303723/automatically-powering-on-pro-amps-via-relay-guide-w-pics


Wiring

You will need to ensure the wiring of your subs conforms to the recommended range by the amplifier manufacturer? You can use the following http://www.the12volt.com/caraudio/woofer_configurationsm.asp [/URL]to derive the final impedance by connecting your drivers in series or parallel.

Wire size selection -
http://www.bcae1.com/images/swfs/speakerwireselectorassistant.swf

Series? Parallel? How do I determine how to wire my subs? What possibilities do I have?

http://www.the12volt.com/caraudio/woofer_configurations.asp?Q=&I=#results

Advanced Speaker building and design considerations:

Recommended reading for high-fidelity uniform-directivity speakers and waveguides:
PI speakers FAQ

More Crossover information, more on gain setup, etc.
RANE library

TWEAKING AND POST SETUP

Information on setting up gain structure can be found here courtesy of Ricci.


How do I measure what I’ve built?


A set of measurement tools are very handy when it comes time to tweak your system including speaker placement, phase adjustment, EQ adjustment, etc.

A few popular options:

REW - A nice freeware choice that only requires a microphone and a few cables to get started. If you're on a budget, this is the place to start with simply a Radio shack meter. http://www.hometheatershack.com/roomeq/

Good guide for REW and all the components one would need can be found here. Creator: omegaslast

Omnimic - a bit less hassle to get started, but a higher starting $$$ ticket.
http://www.daytonaudio.com/index.php/omnimic-v2-precision-measurement-system.html

Equalization

A smooth frequency response and/or tailoring the curve to your personal taste can drastically improve the enjoyment of your system. After measurement, the next logical step is to allow some type of equalization.

Popular options:
Minidsp - http://www.minidsp.com/
Beringer DCX - http://www.behringer.com/EN/Products/DCX2496.aspx

How to extend the high pass filter below 20hz in DCX2496
http://www.avsforum.com/t/1461489/how-to-extend-the-high-pass-filter-below-20hz-in-dcx2496[/quote]
 
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1 6
#2 ·
Whoa Rilla, Thanks for the write-up and time it took to get that post up! Definitely either a new sticky for this or add it to the OP for the DIY forum main sticky! This will certainly help those looking to test the waters for the first time! Wish it was around long ago when discovered DIY!! Safe to say, you have the sickness now, just like the rest of us!! haha
 
#3 ·

Quote:
Originally Posted by beastaudio  /t/1443078/new-to-diy-faqs-in-here#post_22656640


Whoa Rilla, Thanks for the write-up and time it took to get that post up! Definitely either a new sticky for this or add it to the OP for the DIY forum main sticky! This will certainly help those looking to test the waters for the first time! Wish it was around long ago when discovered DIY!! Safe to say, you have the sickness now, just like the rest of us!! haha

I figure a list like this all in one place will help get those 'on the fence' potentially started with a project. As far as the sickness - it's REAL bad.
 
#4 ·
An excellent idea, this should definitely be made into a Sticky!
Quote:
Originally Posted by Gorilla83  /t/1443078/new-to-diy-faqs-in-here/0_50#post_22656534


[*] Some type of saw to do your rip and crosscuts. Options include a table saw, circular saw with a guide/track, panel /vertical saw, etc. Alternatively you can bring your cut sheet to Home Depot, Lowes, etc. and have them do your cuts and you can bring home a rough “flat pack.”

Since you asked for feedback, I'll start here...
A word a caution if you ask a 'big box store' to make the cuts for you: don't count on them being accurate. Several DIYers here have gone this route and found the cuts off by as much as 1/4". Since your goal is to create a sealed box, a gap that large will require you to re-cut your wood.
 
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Reactions: physics90
#6 ·

Quote:
Originally Posted by petew  /t/1443078/new-to-diy-faqs-in-here#post_22658426


Good start there!

I'd add to the top of the tool list:

Eye protection

Ear protection

Dust mask/respirator

Good call, will add those in!! These are a must have!
Quote:
Originally Posted by BeerParty  /t/1443078/new-to-diy-faqs-in-here#post_22657717


An excellent idea, this should definitely be made into a Sticky!

Since you asked for feedback, I'll start here...
A word a caution if you ask a 'big box store' to make the cuts for you: don't count on them being accurate. Several DIYers here have gone this route and found the cuts off by as much as 1/4". Since your goal is to create a sealed box, a gap that large will require you to re-cut your wood.

I should add a caveat to the 'big box' cuts - In my experience I've done all the measuring and done 'test cuts' for each pass each time I've done this at Home Depot. I bring my own pencil, measuring tape, cut list, and ruler with me each time. I've also found the right guys at my store who are willing to spend the time to do it correctly. I typically return my gratitude with a decent tip - I found they are always more than willing to help.
Not all will be as fortunate, so your experience may vary.


Thanks for the input, keep it coming!
 
#7 ·
here are a couple that i have seen asked over and over again:


Q: I downloaded WinISD, entered driver information, tried to save and am getting errors, what do I do?


A: make sure all fields are clear, then

enter qes then hit tab, enter qms

hit tab a couple times and let it calculate qts

hit tab a few times to move to mms

enter mms, re, bl, le, sd, xmax, and pe

by using tab after entering each data, it will calculate what it needs to

i no longer get any conflicts


(clean up the capitalization if you wish :) )


Q: Can somebody help me with ports?


A: Read this first: http://www.subwoofer-builder.com/port-flares.htm


---


something about multiple subs and room modes would be good to link up.


something about high sensitivity controlled directivity mains would be good to link up.
 
#8 ·

Quote:
Originally Posted by LTD02  /t/1443078/new-to-diy-faqs-in-here#post_22658909


here are a couple that i have seen asked over and over again:

Q: I downloaded WinISD, entered driver information, tried to save and am getting errors, what do I do?

A: make sure all fields are clear, then

enter qes then hit tab, enter qms

hit tab a couple times and let it calculate qts

hit tab a few times to move to mms

enter mms, re, bl, le, sd, xmax, and pe

by using tab after entering each data, it will calculate what it needs to

i no longer get any conflicts

(clean up the capitalization if you wish :) )

Q: Can somebody help me with ports?

A: Read this first: http://www.subwoofer-builder.com/port-flares.htm

---

something about multiple subs and room modes would be good to link up.

something about high sensitivity controlled directivity mains would be good to link up.

Thank you, added!


Do you happen to have any useful links regarding the benefits of controlled directivity mains?
 
#10 ·

Quote:
Originally Posted by petew  /t/1443078/new-to-diy-faqs-in-here#post_22660795


Something along the lines of:

"It's ok to build someone else's proven design. Designing your own speaker as a first project is a huge undertaking and not for the faint of heart"

THIS.


Possibly with a link to Paul Carmody's relevant pages with more info.
 
#11 ·

Quote:
Originally Posted by petew  /t/1443078/new-to-diy-faqs-in-here#post_22660795


Something along the lines of:

"It's ok to build someone else's proven design. Designing your own speaker as a first project is a huge undertaking and not for the faint of heart"

Done, and provided links to the master build sub/loudspeaker threads.
Quote:
Originally Posted by antisuck  /t/1443078/new-to-diy-faqs-in-here#post_22660898


THIS.


Possibly with a link to Paul Carmody's relevant pages with more info.

Not familiar with Paul's page, can you link a brother?
 
#13 ·

Quote:
Originally Posted by Sibuna  /t/1443078/new-to-diy-faqs-in-here#post_22661598


Pauls site - at least i assume he meant that one
https://sites.google.com/site/paulcarmody/

might also include a link for the diy sound group
http://www.diysoundgroup.com/

Thanks for the link. The DIYsoundgroup link is at the bottom of the tools section:


"Note: Going with a flatpack like those from www.diysoundgroup.com greatly reduces the number of tools (and effort) required to the bare essentials like glue, clamps, and finishing materials."
 
#16 ·

Quote:
Originally Posted by Gorilla83  /t/1443078/new-to-diy-faqs-in-here#post_22661489


Not familiar with Paul's page, can you link a brother?
My bad, and thanks to Sibuna for stepping up with the link.


In the context of "It's ok to build someone else's proven design" I was specifically thinking of this:

https://sites.google.com/site/undefinition/diy-faqs-provendesigns


and possibly one or more of the other "Resources" links on the right, here:

https://sites.google.com/site/undefinition/diy



edit: some nice speaker designs there too, of course, but that seems outside the scope of what you're doing with this FAQ
 
#17 ·

Quote:
Originally Posted by Sibuna  /t/1443078/new-to-diy-faqs-in-here#post_22661641


yea i glossed righ over that

if you really wanted to get fancy you could separate out some of the specifics for building subs and building speakers as some of the questions on wants/needs will be different

Consider this the Sibuna project. Let me know when you're ready to publish, LOL.

Quote:
Originally Posted by Wayne Parham  /t/1443078/new-to-diy-faqs-in-here#post_22661651


Recommended reading for high-fidelity uniform-directivity speakers and waveguides:

Awesome info - I hadn't seen this one yet. thank you! I listed this under the 'advanced' section for now as it will be a bit overwhelming for a newb.

Quote:
Originally Posted by antisuck  /t/1443078/new-to-diy-faqs-in-here#post_22661667


My bad, and thanks to Sibuna for stepping up with the link.

In the context of "It's ok to build someone else's proven design" I was specifically thinking of this:
https://sites.google.com/site/undefinition/diy-faqs-provendesigns

and possibly one or more of the other "Resources" links on the right, here:
https://sites.google.com/site/undefinition/diy

edit: some nice speaker designs there too, of course, but that seems outside the scope of what you're doing with this FAQ

Got it and included links.




Also updated materials list for polyfil/pillows and included link to Ricci's test article on the subject.
 
#18 ·
Good work you are doing here Gorilla, thanks!
 
#22 ·

Quote:
Originally Posted by k2fast4u  /t/1443078/new-to-diy-faqs-in-here#post_22665008


Good guide for REW and all the components one would need. Creator: omegaslast
http://www.avsforum.com/t/1389125/i-made-a-dummys-guide-on-setting-up-rew-feedback

Added in measurement section.
Quote:
Originally Posted by zheka  /t/1443078/new-to-diy-faqs-in-here#post_22665357


this post from Ricci is the best explanation of how properly set up gain structure I have seen.
http://www.avsforum.com/t/1442255/alpine-swr-1223d-diy-sub-build-for-ht#post_22663392

It's not necessarily DIY specific though

Add new post installation section and added link.


Thanks guys.
 
#24 ·

Quote:
Originally Posted by petew  /t/1443078/new-to-diy-faqs-in-here#post_22660795


Something along the lines of:

"It's ok to build someone else's proven design. Designing your own speaker as a first project is a huge undertaking and not for the faint of heart"

How about also, "Don't just think that you will be able to build a crossover without knowing how it works." Hehe.
 
#25 ·
I noticed there was a TBD in the multiple subwoofer section. Here's a few articles of note. Maybe someone else has more links too.


Geddes technique

Paul Spencer's Bass Integration Guide

Other articles
  • There is also a nice multi-sub thread by our own kgveteran . He uses an interesting approach of filling in a rather deep and broad null with additional subs using the MiniDSP to bandpass filter the signal applied to the filler subs.
  • A popular article on multiple subwoofers by Welti and Devantier of Harman used to be freely available on the web, but all the links I've found are now broken. The file name is 13680.pdf. If someone has a working link, it would be appreciated.
 
#26 ·

Quote:
Originally Posted by Ricci  /t/1443078/new-to-diy-faqs-in-here#post_22665652


Some excellent reading here on a variety of topics. Many probably don't pertain to HT but others such as those on wiring and gain structure are handy.
RANE/Library
Quote:
Originally Posted by beastaudio  /t/1443078/new-to-diy-faqs-in-here#post_22666096


How about also, "Don't just think that you will be able to build a crossover without knowing how it works." Hehe.
Quote:
Originally Posted by rock_bottom  /t/1443078/new-to-diy-faqs-in-here#post_22666159


I noticed there was a TBD in the multiple subwoofer section. Here's a few articles of note. Maybe someone else has more links too.

Geddes technique
Paul Spencer's Bass Integration Guide
Other articles
  • There is also a nice multi-sub thread by our own kgveteran . He uses an interesting approach of filling in a rather deep and broad null with additional subs using the MiniDSP to bandpass filter the signal applied to the filler subs.
  • A popular article on multiple subwoofers by Welti and Devantier of Harman used to be freely available on the web, but all the links I've found are now broken. The file name is 13680.pdf. If someone has a working link, it would be appreciated.

Done - thanks guys.


Anyone have any articles/links to explaining pros/cons of sealed vs. vented vs. horn design? I could probably rough up my own explanation, but there is probably something out there far more thorough.
 
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