Pretty much only the last couple of Spiderman installments, the last X-Men movie, and Superman Returns had budgets larger than 150M. So that puts Dark Knight up among the elite. And, while compared with Batman Returns, Dark Knight has almost twice the budget to begin with.
Looking at gross receipts, only the Spiderman sequels really deserved their very large budgets, as X-Men and Superman Returns were not nearly so profitable.
The amount of CGI used also seems to be somewhat proportional to the size of the budget, which makes me wonder if Batman movies don't need as much money to support gratuitous CGI effects. One of the great things about Batman is that the character is so much more interesting than the effects.
That said, I'm looking forward to the movie as well, and hope that the story is done well regardless of the budget and effects.